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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Relying on or derived from observation, experimentation, or measurement.
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Empirical.
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The discipline concerned with behaviour and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism's physical state, mental state, an external environment.
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Psychology.
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The ability and willingness to assess claims and make judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons and evidence, rather than emotion or anecdote.
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Critical-Thinking.
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What are the eight essential guidelines for critical thinking?
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- Ask Questions.
- Define Your Terms. - Examine Evidence. - Analyze Assumptions. - Avoid Emotional Reasoning. - Do not oversimplify. - Consider Other Interpretations. - Tolerate Uncertainty. |
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The discredited theory that different brain areas account for character and personality traits.
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Phrenology.
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An early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements.
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Structuralism (Wilhelm Wundt)
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An early psychological approach that emphasized the function or purpose of behaviour and consciousness.
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Functionalism (William James).
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A theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy which emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts.
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Psychoanalysis (Sigmund Freud).
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A psychological approach that emphasizes bodily events and changes associated with actions, feelings, and thoughts.
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Biological Perspective (Donald Hebb).
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A field of psychology emphasizing evolutionary mechanisms that may help explain human comonalities in cognition, development, emotion, social practices and other areas of behaviour.
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Evolutionary Psychology.
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A psychological approach that emphasizes how the environment and experience affect a person's or animal's actions.
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Learning Perspective.
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A psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behaviour.
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Cognitive Perspective
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A psychological approach that emphasizes social and cultural influences on behaviour.
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Sociocultural Perspective
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A psychological approach that emphasizes unconscious dynamics within the individual, such as inner forces conflicts, or the movement of instinctual energy.
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Psychodynamic Perspective.
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A psychological approach that emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of human potential, rather than the scientific understanding and assessment of behaviour.
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Humanist Psychology.
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A psychological approach that analyzes the influence of social inequities on gender relations and on the behaviour of the two sexes.
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Feminist Psychology.
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The study of psychological issues in order to seek knowledge for its own sake rather than for its practical application.
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Basic Psychology.
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The study of psychological issues that have direct practical significance; also the application of psychological findings.
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Applied Psychology.
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What are the three categories of professional activities?
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- Academic/Research Psychologists
- Clinical Psychologists - Psychologists in Industry and/or Law. |
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A person who does psychotherapy; may have anything from no degree to an advanced professional degree; the term is unregulated.
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Psychotherapist.
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Diagnoses, treats, and/or studies mental and emotional problems, both mild and severe; has a PhD, an EdD, or a PsyD.
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Clinical Psychologist.
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Practices psychoanalysis; has specific training in this approach after an advanced degree; may treat any kind of emotional disorder or pathology.
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Psychoanalyst.
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Does work similar to that of a clinical psychologist but is likely to take a more biological approach; has a medical degree (MD) with specialty in psychiatry.
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Psychiatrist.
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The aspect of psychology that is the least recognized and understood by the public.
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Research.
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Who established the first psychological laboratory?
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Wilhelm Wundt.
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Psychology is different "pop psych" or "psychobabble" because...
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Psychology relies on empirical evidence.
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