Sociology Test 2

Front 1

dyad

Back 1

2 people

Front 2

triad

Back 2

3 people

Front 3

mediator

Back 3

resolve conflict between other 2 members of triad

Front 4

tertius gaudens

Back 4

member of triad that profits from the other 2's disagreement

Front 5

divide et impera

Back 5

member of triad that drives a wedge between the 2 others

Front 6

asch test

Back 6

experiment that shows how much people are influenced by norms of the group

Front 7

primary group

Back 7

limited in number of members, face to face interaction

Front 8

secondary group

Back 8

impersonal group

Front 9

6 degrees of separation

Back 9

we connect to another person by a system of contacts

Front 10

social network

Back 10

set of relations held together by ties between individuals

Front 11

strength of weak ties

Back 11

acquaitances can help you out

Front 12

organization

Back 12

social network bound by a common purpose separated from the rest of the world

Front 13

social deviance

Back 13

any transgression of established social norms

Front 14

social cohesion

Back 14

way people form social bonds

Front 15

mechanical solidarity

Back 15

members are very similar

Front 16

organic solidarity

Back 16

members are all individual

Front 17

gay immigrants were allowed to enter the US in...

Back 17

1990

Front 18

egoistic suicide

Back 18

one is not well integrated into a social group, feels alone

Front 19

altruistic suicide

Back 19

one experiences too much social integration, feels they dont have meaning aside from the group

Front 20

anomic suicide

Back 20

too little social regulation, life is no longer predictable

Front 21

fatalistic suicide

Back 21

too much social regulation, same thing day after day

Front 22

punitive justice

Back 22

make violator suffer and therefore define boundaries of acceptable behavior

Front 23

labeling theory

Back 23

individuals subconsciously notice how others see them and forms the basis of their identity

Front 24

lucifer effect

Back 24

zimbardo's prison experiment, good people can do terrible things

Front 25

primary deviance

Back 25

after labeled a deviant, one behaves like one

Front 26

secondary deviance

Back 26

deviant acts that occur after primary deviance has taken place

Front 27

stigma

Back 27

negative social label that alters a person's identity

Front 28

deterrence theory

Back 28

putting criminals in jail to try to get them not to do it again

Front 29

new york's project so people aren't on surveillance cameras

Back 29

iSee

Front 30

white collar crime

Back 30

professional against a corporation (money laundering), most financial impact in US

Front 31

corporate crime

Back 31

type of white collar crime committed by officers of a corporation

Front 32

street crime

Back 32

crime committed in public

Front 33

recidivism

Back 33

reversion of an individual back to criminal behavior

Front 34

total institution

Back 34

all aspects of life are conducted in the same place under a single authority

Front 35

desistance

Back 35

criminal stops doing crimes after getting in trouble

Front 36

foucault

Back 36

modern punishment targets soul of the prisoner to reform them to make them eligable for parole

Front 37

stratification

Back 37

systematic differences between people

Front 38

rousseau's 2 forms of inequality

Back 38

physical (difference of age, gender) and social (being rich or powerful)

Front 39

scottish enlightenment

Back 39

private property creates inequality

Front 40

ferguson malthus and millar

Back 40

inequality was good, economic determinism (all social regulations are determined by the economic organization of society)

Front 41

malthus

Back 41

human populations grow geometrically while our ablility to produce food increases arithmetically (more slowly)

Front 42

dialectic

Back 42

two directional relationship

Front 43

ontological equality

Back 43

everyone is created equal in God's eyes

Front 44

equality of opportunity

Back 44

inequality is acceptable as long as everyone has the same opportunity for advancement

Front 45

equality of condition

Back 45

everyone should have the same starting point from which to pursue their goals

Front 46

bourgeois society

Back 46

maximization of profit is the primary business incentive

Front 47

equality of outcome

Back 47

everyone must end up with the same amount regardless of the fairness of how they got there

Front 48

marx's 2 classes

Back 48

proletariat (working class) and bourgeoisie (employing class)

Front 49

wright

Back 49

concept of contradictory class locations

Front 50

weber

Back 50

class is based on grouping people according to value of property or job

Front 51

socioeconomic status

Back 51

individual's place in social order

Front 52

mills' 3 major institutions that have power to make decisions for the masses

Back 52

economic institutions, political order, military order

Front 53

upper class

Back 53

rich, get their money generally from investments

Front 54

governement's definition of poverty for a family of 4

Back 54

22050/ year

Front 55

structural social mobility

Back 55

inevitable from changes in the economy

Front 56

exchange social mobility

Back 56

if you move up, i move down

Front 57

opponents of estate tax portray who as undeserving victims?

Back 57

farmers and upper class

Front 58

gender

Back 58

sexual orientations, behaviors

Front 59

sex

Back 59

male or female

Front 60

carol gilligan

Back 60

playgroud, girls focus on nurturing, boys like rules

Front 61

parson's sex role theory

Back 61

dad should work and mom should take care of kids

Front 62

structural functionalism

Back 62

every society has structures needed to fulfill certain functions

Front 63

hegemonic masculinity

Back 63

man is dominant

Front 64

conflict theory

Back 64

gender was the driving force of history, hartmann and mackinon

Front 65

glass escalator

Back 65

promotional ride men take to the top