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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Deviance
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Behaviors that may violate Social Norms, Personal Norms and may be distressing dysfunctional, dangerous, or marked by irrationality – Everything that is abnormal is deviant, but not everything that is deviant is abnormal.
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Distress
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Behavior causes personal or social suffering.
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Dysfunctional
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Behavior impairs or inhibits adaptive functioning
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Dangerous
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Behavior poses a threat to self or other
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Psychiatrists
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Have MD and prescribe medications.
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Psychologist
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Master or PHD, PHY-d
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Social Worker
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MSW
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Counselor
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Masters Degree
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Therapist
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Bachelor Degree with specialty i.e. Behavioral
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Etiology
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A theoretical cause of an explanation for abnormal behavior
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Thoery
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Resource supported perspective
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Intervention Strategies
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A specific strategy/ A specific treatment modality anchored the theoretical phenomenon
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Heredity of Genetics
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Focus on predisposing chromosomal or genetic factors
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Endocrine System
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Focus on hormones and ductless glands to explain
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Glial Cells
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Cells that provide nutrients, protect and support neurons
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Pons
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Connect hemispheres of cerebellum and aids in coordination
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Medulla
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Regulates circulation, respiration, swallowing, muscle tone, sneezing, vomiting
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Case Study
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longitudinal studies of same subjects across extensive period of time, intense case history may result in interviewing, psychological testing, treatment, etc.
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Correlation Method
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Technique used to examine the way in which variables are related, describe the directions and strengths of the relationship between variables
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Experiment
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A technique that may employ groups of subjects to test a hypothesis by manipulating variables (a changeable factor) to study the effects.
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Hypothesis
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An educated guess
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Longitudinal Studies
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Correlation studies of another kind, researchers observe the same individuals on many occasions over a period of time.
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Experimental Group
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The group of subjects exposed to the independent variable, Group that receives or is given treatment.
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Control Groups
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Not exposed to the independent variable, compared to the experimental group to verify cause-effect relationship
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Independent Variable
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Factor changed by research
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Dependent Variable
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Consequences of independent variable
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Confounding Variable
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Variable other the independent variable that may also be affecting the dependent variable.
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Blind Experiment
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an experimental design in which the participants are unaware as to what group they are placed into
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Double Blind Experiment
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an experimental design in which both the participant and the experimenter are both kept blind to the experiment
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Quasi Experimental Design
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Pre-existing groups used
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Natural
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Independent variable is a factor of nature
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Analogue
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Research reactions are produced in a lab setting
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Single Subject Experiment
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One subject receives treatment (ABAB or reversible design)
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ABAB Process
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Observation, Treatment, Observation
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Correlation Method
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Technique used to examine the way in which variables are related, describe the directions and strength of the relationship between variables
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Positive Correlation
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Variables move in the same direction
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Negative Correlation
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Variables moves in the opposite direction
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Zero Correlation
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inconsistent variable, unrelated
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Correlation Coefficient
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A fraction between zero and a positive or negative 1.00, this fraction describes the strength and relationship between variables, the sign (positive; negative) describes the directions or the variables
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Genetic Factor
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Focus on predisposing chromosomal or genetic factors to explain abnormal behavior
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Genetic Malfuntions
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Mutation of a gene that may contribute to metal disorder
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Viral Infection
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Exposure to certain viruses during childhood or before birth may explain abnormal behavior. Viruses may enter the fetus’s brain and remain dormant there until the individual reaches adolescence or young childhood
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Neurons
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Nerve cells that receive, transports, and processes sensory information
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Dendrite
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receives incoming sensory information. Antenna like extensions located at one end of the neuron
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Cell Body
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or Soma contains nucleus, absorbs nutrients, and provides energy for neural activities
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Axon
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transports impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, via synapse and neurotransmitters
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Synapse
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Microscopic gaps between neurons, into which neurotransmitters are released to enable impulses to travel from one neuron to another.
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Neurotransmitters
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Chemicals that excite or inhibit neural activity.
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Dopamine
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Affects voluntary movement, emotions, and learning.
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Norepinephrine
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Affect wakefulness arousal, learning, memory, and mood.
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Serotonin
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“mood molecule”, affects sleep, mood, dreaming, pain, eating, and aggression.
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Endorphin
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inhibits pain and is associated with experienced pleasure.
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Acetylcholine
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affects arousal, attention, memory, and motivation.
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Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA)
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induces sleep, inhibits movement and reduces anxiety.
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CNS
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Made up of brain and spinal cord
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Brain
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Master control center for all behaviors and mental processes
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Spinal Cord
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Controls reflexive reactions
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Cerebrum
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Processing station for cognition, perception, abstraction and complex mental functions
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Corpus Callosum
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Connects the brains two cerebral hemispheres
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Basil Ganglia
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Plays a crucial role in planning and producing movement
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Hippocampus
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Helps control emotion and memory
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Amygdala
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Small almond shape structure stimulates other areas in the brain in the circuit "alarm-and-escape", emotions and agression
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Nervous System
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Focus on neurotransmitters, PNS or CNS to explain
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Reticular Formation
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Filters incoming information and regulates consciousness
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Limbic System
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Border around brain stem that influences learning, memory, and emotion
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Thalmus
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Relay center that disburses information and processes information from senses except smell
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Left Hemisphere
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Right side of body, speech, logic, match, mechanics
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Right Hemisphere
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Left side of body, art, music, spatial reasoning, fantasy, creativity
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Frontal Lobes
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Process thoughts regarding vocabulary
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Temporal Lobes
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Process auditory thought or ideas
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Parietal Lobes
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Process perceptual experiences involving skin, touch, pressure, etc.
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Occipital Lobes
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Process visual experiences
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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Divided into autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
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Autonomic Nervous System
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Regulates involuntary behaviors at the command of the CNS
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Somatic Nervous System
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Regulates voluntary behaviors at the command of the CNS
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Sympathetic
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Increases and prepares for fight-flight
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Parasympathetic
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Conserves energy & calms body
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Adrenal Gland
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Secreates adrenalin that stimulates fight/flight response
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Pituitary
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Secrets growth hormone
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Pancreas
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Insulin & blood sugar
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Gonads
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(Ovaries/testes) secretes sex hormones, specifically estrogen/testosterone
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Thyroid
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Secrets thyroxin that affects metabolic rate
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