Political Science Chapter 11

Front 1

What are the functions are political parties?

Back 1

Bridge between public and government

Front 2

What does aggregate mean?

Back 2

Pull together

Front 3

What is political socialization?

Back 3

Parties teach members how to play the political game

Teaches you how to respect the democratic process.

Front 4

What are some difference between parliamentary and presidential systems regarding the function of political parties?

Back 4

Party control of government is much greater in parliamentary systems, because it gives winning party control of both legislative an executive branch.

Presidential- Parties fight each other and don't get as much stuff done

Front 5

What is the degree of centralization?

Back 5

Degree of controlexercised by part’s national HQ.

Front 6

What is the extent of participation for PR?

Back 6

Ensures very high partydiscipline, ideological consistency, and coherence.

Front 7

What is the extent of participation for US

Back 7

§ Partydiscipline, ideological consistency, and coherence are weaker as parties aredecentralized among the states.

Front 8

What is weak party discipline?

Back 8

§ meansthe party around the country is not listening to HQ or has no 1 leader (personor organization) to follow a set of plans.

Front 9

Which system (presidential or parliamentary) allows more clear-cut accountability of the party to the voters? "Responsible government"

Back 9

Parliamentary

Front 10

What does weak party discipline in the US mean?

Back 10

Congresspeople can change sides on issues and votes

Front 11

How is a "responsible party government" possible?

Back 11

It is possible only under a unified government (both branches are controlled by the same party.

Front 12

What are some ways parties finance themselves?

Back 12

Interest groups, lobbyists, etc.

Front 13

What happens if parties become too dependent on interest groups?

Back 13

Risk corruption and scandal

Front 14

What is a devotee/personalistic party?

Back 14

Party is built around one person

Ex: Nazi Hitler

Front 15

What is a mass party?

Back 15

Well organized and strive for large and ideologically committed membership

Front 16

What is a cadre party?

Back 16

Weakly organized, based on a politically-active elite, like the Rep.Dem. parties

Front 17

Explain the left-wing

Back 17

§ Proposeleveling of class differences by nationalizing major industries and extensivegovernment intervention into the economy

Ex: Communists

Front 18

Explain center-left

Back 18

§ Favorwelfare states but do not advocate nationalization

Ex: Social Democratic parties of Western Europe

Front 19

Explain Centrist parties

Back 19

§ Want torein in (but not dismantle) the welfare state in favor of free markets andlaissez-faire economy

Ex: German Christian Democratics

Front 20

Explain Right-wing parties

Back 20

§ Want todismantle the welfare state, break the power of labor unions and promotevigorous and unrestrained capitalist growth

Ex: Conservatives in Britain

Front 21

Did the Soviet Union Communist party rule the state?

Back 21

No. They supervised and monitored it

Front 22

What roles did the elites in the Soviet Union Communist party have?

Back 22

They played two roles: A party role and an official role in government.

Front 23

What was the Supreme soviet?

Back 23

Legislative body

Front 24

What was the Central Committee?

Back 24

Oversaw nomination of candidates to the Supreme Soviet

Front 25

What was the Politburo?

Back 25

Had a dozen or so leaders. Was the heart of Communist power and oversaw the Central Committee

Front 26

What were some flaws with the Soviet Union Communist party?

Back 26

Economy, opportunists, and apparatchiks

Front 27

What were the opportunists?

Back 27

· Flock toa party whose members get the best jobs, housing, and consumer goods

Front 28

What were the apparachicks?

Back 28

· Becomevery conservative· No desireto reform a system that is beneficial to them

Front 29

What was wrong with the economy of SUC party compared to the rest of the developing world?

Back 29

§ laggedfar behind the modern economies of Western Europe, America, and Japan

Front 30

What are wrong with single-party systems?

Back 30

They become corrupt and inflexible

Front 31

Explain the one party system

Back 31

§ One legalparty than controls all levels of government

Ex: China, places in africa

Front 32

Explain the Dominant-party system

Back 32

§ Oppositionparties may contest elections but rarely win§ Systemsdon’t last long as dominant party gets corrupt

Front 33

Explain the two-party system

Back 33

§ Two majorparties have a roughly equal change of winning§ Thirdparties have little chance of winning, but they remind major parties whenvoters become discontented

Front 34

Explain the Multiparty system

Back 34

Several parties compete, but seldom does one party gain a majority.

Parties form coalition government.

Front 35

How does stability work in multiparty systems?

Back 35

§ Stabilityrelies on not only the number of parties, but also on political culture, degreeof agreement on basic issues and the rules for forming and dissolving a cabinet

Front 36

Explain Two-Plus party system

Back 36

§ One ormore relevant smaller parties§ Part of acoalition with one of the major parties and thereby obtain ministries andability to influence policy

Front 37

Explain fluid party systems

Back 37

§ Common ofmany new and unstable democracies.§ Partiescome and go ~ have no fixed structure§ Poorlyorganized.

Front 38

What are some weaknesses of two-party and multiparty systems?

Back 38

Can fall prey to indecision and immobilism caused by parties not collaborating.