Political Science Chapter 1 Quiz Crafton Hills College 2016

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1. _______ observed that, “If men were angels, no government would be necessary”?

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e. James Madison

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2. In a representative democracy, it is _____ what government decides to do

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e. congress which controls

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3. One of humanity's oldest and most universal institutions for dividing resources and making decisions is _____.

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a. government

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4. Disagreements among people over what society’s priorities should be is the definition of _____.

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b. social conflict

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5. _____ can best be defined as the individuals and institutions that make society’s rules and also possess the power andauthority to enforce those rules.

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b. Government

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6. Generally, government serves at least three essential purposes: it resolves conflict, it provides public services, and it

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c. it defends the nation and its culture against other nations, resolves conflict, and it provides pubilc services.

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7. Power has all of the following attributes EXCEPT

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b. it requires confusion to be effective

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8. Authority refers to

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a. the ability to use power that is collectively recognized by society as legally and morally correct.

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9. Which of the following is NOT considered a public service?

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a. Manufacturing goods

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10. The constitution of the United States gives _____ the exclusive power over relations with foreign nations

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c. the national government

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11. In a plutocracy,

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c. the government is disproportionately influenced by the most wealthy

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12. In most modern monarchies, the monarch shares governmental power with

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b. elected lawmakers.

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13. The main idea of democracy is that government exists only by _____ and reflects the will of_____.

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d. consent; the majority

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14. Undemocratic systems that are not supported by tradition are called _____.

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b. dictatorships

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15. A government system in which a leader or group of leaders seeks to control almost all aspects of social and economiclife is a/an ____ dictatorship.

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b. totalitarian

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16. The word democracy comes from the Greek demos, meaning “_____,” and kratia, meaning “_____.”

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c. the people; rule

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17. The founders of the United States

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e. thought that large groups of people meeting together to make decisions would ignore the rights and opinionsof the minority

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18. The founders of the United States believed that direct democracy

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c. would deteriorate into mob rule.

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19. In a representative democracy

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d. the will of the majority is expressed through groups of individuals elected by the people to act on their behalf

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20. A republic is essentially a(n)

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a. representative democracy in which the people are sovereign.

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21. In a presidential democracy,

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e. the lawmaking and law-enforcing branches of government are separate but equal.

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22. The term theocracy is best defined as

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c. a government in which the government rules according to religious precepts.

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23. The term aristocracy is best defined as

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a. a government run by members of old, noble families

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24. In writing the U.S. Constitution, the framers incorporated two basic principles of government that had evolved inEngland: ______.

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a. representative government and limited government

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25. The Magna Carta (1215) clearly established the principle of _____.

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d. limited government

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26. Nearly all of the major concepts in _____ became part of the American system of government

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b. the English Bill of Rights (1689)

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27. The Magna Carta (1215)

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c. signaled the end of the monarch’s absolute power

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28. Which of the following best describes a social contract?

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c. A voluntary agreement among individuals to create a government and to give that government adequate powerto secure the mutual protection and welfare of all individuals

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29. The philosopher John Locke argued that people are born with natural rights to life, liberty and _____.

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d. property

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30. The philosopher John Locke theorized that the purpose of government was to protect _____.

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a. natural rights

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31. Which of the following is a fundamental principle on which American democracy is based?

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a. Equality in voting

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32. Capitalism is a(n)

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d. economic system based on the private ownership of wealth-producing property, free markets, and freedom ofcontract.

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33. One of the outgrowths of the civil rights movement of the 1960s was an emphasis on _____, the belief that the manycultures that make up American society should remain distinct and be protected—and even encouraged—by our laws.

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e. multiculturalism

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34. By 2040, Americans aged 65 and above are expected to reach _____ of the population

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b. 20 percent

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35. In the year 2050, non-Hispanic whites will comprise about _____ of the U.S. population.

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d. 46 percent

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36. In 2010, Hispanics constituted _____ of the U.S. population

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d. about 16 percent

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37. When it comes to ideology, Americans are often placed in two broad political camps:

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d. liberals and conservatives.

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38. _____ is best defined as a set of beliefs that include a limited role for the national government in helping individualsand in the economic affairs of the nation, and support for traditional values and lifestyles.

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b. Conservatism

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39. The _____ movement emerged as a major force in American politics when Arizona Senator Barry Goldwater won theRepublican presidential nomination.

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d. conservative

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40. In 1980, Republican _____ became the first “movement conservative” to win the White House

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d. Ronald Reagan

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41. Modern American liberalism can trace its roots to the New Deal programs of _____.

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c. Franklin D. Roosevelt

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42. The ideology of American liberalism did not take its fully modern form until the

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c. 1960s, during the administration of Lyndon Johnson.

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43. Many politicians who have called themselves _____ in the past have labeled their philosophy progressivism instead.

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b. liberals

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44. On the traditional political spectrum, _____ and _____ are on the left

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e. liberals; socialists

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45. On the traditional political spectrum, _____ and _____ are on the right

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a. libertarians; conservatives

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46. People whose views fall in the middle of the traditional political spectrum are generally called _____.

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a. moderates

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47. In much of the world, the main left-of-center party describes itself as _____.

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b. progressive

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48. _____ is the belief that government should do as little as possible, not only in the economic sphere, but also inregulating morality and personal behavior

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c. Libertarianism

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49. This group has a stronger commitment to egalitarianism than do U.S. liberals and a greater tolerance for stronggovernment.

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c. Socialists

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60. A ballot proposal resembles direct democracy, in that it

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c. allows voters to decide specific questions rather than letting their elected representatives to resolve the issue.

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61. The U.S. government became involved in the American economy to an extent previously unknown

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b. during the Great Depression

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62. Defending the nation and its culture became more of a priority of our government

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c. since the attacks on the World Trade Center.

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63. Which of the following favors government involvement in issues of private morality, while opposing governmentinvolvement in government regulation of the economy?

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d. The Tea Party movement

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64. Each of the following is a public service provided by the government which applies equally to all citizens, except

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e. Laws enforcing the Americans with Disabilities Act

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65. Many American states use the _____, in which the legislature sends a ballot proposal to the voters.

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a. referendum

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66. Which leader once said "Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun."

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c. Mao Zedong

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67. Conservatism has always included those who

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d. want the government to reflect traditional Christian religious values.

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68. Following the Civil War, African Americans identified with ____ until the Civil Rights movement.

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a. the Republican Party

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69. The political values outlined in the Declaration of Independence include all of the following EXCEPT

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c. economic equality

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70. During the 2014 elections, public opinion polls reported that increasing numbers of Republicans and Democratsconsidered the other party to be

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d. a threat to the very nature of the country.