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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHAT ARE ORGANIC MOLECULES? |
Organic molecules are compounds built using carbon as a backbone. (eg. glucose is an organic compound) |
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WHAT INORGANIC MOLECULES? |
Inorganic molecules are compounds built NOT using carbon as a backbone. (eg. water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide are inorganic) |
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WHAT ARE THE SHAPES THAT CARBON FORMS? |
Branches, Rings, Long Chains, Straight. |
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WHAT IS CARBON USED FOR? |
Build large molecules important for living organisms. (Large molecules = Macromolecules) |
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WHAT ARE ALL MACROMOLECULES USED FOR? |
They are used as a backbone to build their large structures. |
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WHAT ARE THE REPEATING PIECES CALLED? |
Monomers |
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WHAT ARE THE 4 TYPES OF MACROMOLECULES? |
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. |
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WHAT DO THESE 4 MACROMOLECULES MEAN? |
Carbohydrates : Short term energy Lipids (fats) : Energy storage & hormones Protein : Structure (muscles) Nucleic Acids : Storing information (DNA) |
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WHAT ARE THE 3 COMMON COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES? |
glycogen, cellulose, starch |
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WHAT DO EACH OF THESE COMMON COMPLEXES DO? |
Animals store excess glucose as glycogen. Plants store excess glucose as starch. Plants use cellulose to build their leaves, stalks, and structures.
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WHAT DO LIPIDS HAVE IN THEM? |
Fat, oils, cholesterol and steroids. |
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WHAT IS FAT ESSENTIAL FOR? |
Storing energy. |
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EXPLAIN SATURATED FAT |
-single bongs -hydrogen atoms fill rest of bonds - eg. cheese, butter, whole milk -bad fat |
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EXPLAIN UNSATURATED FAT |
-double bonds / bonds with carbon - eg. avocado , soybean, canola oil - good fat |
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WHAT ARE STEROIDS LIKE? |
They are like fats in that they are hydrophobic.....but do not store energy. (gives us no energy) |
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EXPLAIN FATS (lipid) AND STEROIDS. |
-Lipids hydrophobic macromolecules -"fats" are long carbon chains (glycerol & fatty acids) that store energy. -"steroids" are carbon rings that send chemical signals. (hormones & cholesterol) |
