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39 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
Glucose |
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Monomer of carbohydrates |
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Polypeptides |
The polymers of protein |
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Monosaccharides |
The monomers of sugars |
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Chemical reaction in which an enzyme builds a large molecule from smaller subunits; water also forms |
Condensation Reaction |
Also known as dehydration synthesis |
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Organic molecule that speeds up a reaction without being changed by it. |
Enzyme |
Pacman! |
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An atom (other than hydrogen) or a small molecular group bonded to a carbon of an organic compound; imparts a specific chemical property |
Functional Group |
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Compound or region of one that consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms |
Hydrocarbon |
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Water requiring chemical reaction in which an enzyme breaks a molecule into smaller subunits |
Hydrolysis |
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All of the enzyme-mediated chemical reactions by which cells acquire and use energy as they build and break down organic molecules |
Metabolism |
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Molecules that are subunits of polymers. |
Monomers |
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Describes a molecule that consists mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms. |
Organic |
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Molecule that consists of multiple monomers |
Polymer |
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Process of molecular change |
Reaction |
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Molecule that consists primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio. Used mainly for structural material, fuel and storing and transporting energy. |
Carbohydrate |
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Tough, insoluble carbohydrate that is the major structural material in plants. |
Cellulose |
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Lipid that consists of a glycerol molecule with one, two or three fatty acid tails. |
Fat |
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Organic compound that consists of a chain of carbon atoms with an acidic carboxyl group group at one end. |
Fatty Acid |
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Fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound. |
Lipid |
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Double layer of lipids arranged tail to tail; structural foundation of cell membranes. |
Lipid Bilayer |
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A lipid with a phosphate group in its hydrophilic head, and two nonpolar tails typically derived from fatty acids. |
Phospholipid |
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Triglyceride that has three saturated fatty acid tails. Solidifies at room temperature |
Saturated Fat |
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Type of lipid with four carbon rings and no tails |
Steroid |
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A fat with three fatty acid tails |
Triglyeride |
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Triglyceride that has one or more unsaturated fatty acid tails. |
Unsaturated Fat |
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Water-repellent mixture of lipids with long fatty acid tails bonded to long chain alcohols or carbon rings |
Wax |
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What molecule is this? |
Amino Acid |
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Small organic compound that is a subunit of proteins. The monomers of proteins. |
Amino Acids |
There are 20 of these. |
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The bond between an amine group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another. Joins amino acids in proteins. |
Peptide Bond |
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Short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds |
Peptide |
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Long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. |
Polypeptide |
The polymer of proteins |
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Organic molecule that consists of one or more polypeptides. |
Protein |
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To unravel the shape of a protein or other large biological molecule. |
Denature |
Usually caused by heat, salt, shifts in pH or detergents. |
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An infectious protein |
Prion |
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Nucleotide that serves an important role as an energy carrier in cells |
ATP |
Adenosine Triphosphate |
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Consists of two chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix. Holds information necessary to build cells and multi-celled individuals. |
DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
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Polymer of nucleotides ; DNA or RNA |
Nucleic Acids |
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Monomer of nucleic acids; have five carbon sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and one, two or three phosphate groups. |
Nucleotide |
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single stranded chain of nucleotides. Carries out protein synthesis. |
RNA |
Ribonucleic Acid |
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Has become standard in an American diet. Fats that have been changed through hydrogenation, a process that adds hydrogen atoms in order to change them into solid fats. Increases the shelf life of unsaturated fats. |
Trans Fat |
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