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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
elements |
substances that cannot be broken down by ordinary means |
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what 4 elements make up 96% of living matter? |
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen & nitrogen |
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molecule |
two or more atoms covalently bonded |
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protons, neutrons & electrons are called? |
subatomic particles |
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what’s the name for the 6 most important elements in living things? |
SPONCH |
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do covalent bonds share electrons or not? |
they do |
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covalent bond |
strongest bond where atoms share electrons |
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ionic bond |
oppositely charged atoms that are attracted to one another |
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covalent bond- metal or non metals? |
non metals |
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ionic bonds- metal or nonmetal? |
usually a metal and a nonmetal |
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what makes up 65 to 95% of the bodies of most living things? |
water |
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polar |
has a slight change |
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water is cohesive. cohesion- |
sticks together very well (sticks to itself) |
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adhesion |
when water sticks to something else |
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surface tension |
the cohesion allows the water to form droplets, making a kind of membrane |
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what’s the only thing that won’t dissolve in water? |
oil |
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capillary action |
water can “climb” |
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high heat of vaporization means- |
water must a large about of heat before it turns to vapor |
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organic compound |
contains carbon & hydrogen atoms |
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4 main types of macromolecules |
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins & nucleic acids |
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carbohydrates are composed of? |
carbon, hydrogen & oxygen atoms |
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what’s the most important sugar that exists? |
glucose |
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monomers |
building blocks of macromolecules |
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monosaccharides |
simple sugars |
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disaccharides |
contain two monosaccharides |
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polysaccharide |
formed from many individual sugars into long chains |
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ose= |
sugar |
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ase= |
enzyme |
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cellulose |
cell wall of plants |
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glyeogen |
storage form of glucose |
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lipids |
class of macromolecules that don’t dissolve in water |
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examples of lipids are |
fats, oils & steroids |
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the functions of lipids are: |
energy storage, structural support in cell membranes, serve as reactants |
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phospholipids |
lipids that contain phosphate. major component of the cell membrane |
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steroids |
lipids with four linked rings of carbon |
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monomer of lipids- |
fatty acids |
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monomer of carbohydrates- |
monosaccharides |
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proteins- |
hydrogen compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, & nitrogen atoms |
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monomer for proteins- |
amino acids |
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are proteins enzymes? what are enzymes? |
yes. enzymes are proteins that help control chemical reactions by speeding it up |
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nucleic acids- |
organic molecules that store genetic information |
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monomers for nucleic acids |
nucleotides |
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DNA |
the genetic information inside the nucleus of the cells |
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RNA |
code for protien synthesis |
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ATP |
energy for the cell |