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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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organic molecule
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carbon-based molecule
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inorganic molecule
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non-carbon-based molecule
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hydrocarbon
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DEFINE
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functional group
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DEFINE
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hydrophilic
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attracts water molecules
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monomer
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DEFINE
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polymer
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DEFINE
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carbohydrate
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organic compound made of sugar molecules
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monosaccharide
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sugar containing 1 sugar unit
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disaccharide
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sugar with 2 monosaccharides
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polysaccharide
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long polymer chain made up of simple sugar monomers
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starch
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Polysaccharide in plant cells that consists entire of glucose monomers
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glycogen
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Polysaccharide in animal cells that consists of many glucose monomers
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cellulose
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Polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant-cell walls
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lipid
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1 of a class of water-avoiding molecules
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hydrophobic
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avoids water molecules
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fat
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DEFINE
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saturated fat
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DEFINE
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unsaturated fat
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DEFINE
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steroid
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lipid molecule with 4 fused carbon rings
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cholesterol
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DEFINE
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protein
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polymer constructed from a set of 20 amino acid monomers
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amino acid
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monomer that makes up proteins; contains carboxyl and amino functional groups
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polypeptide
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chain of linked amino acids
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denaturation
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loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor
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activation energy
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minimum amount of energy required to trigger a chemical reaction
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catalyst
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agent that speeds up chemical reactions
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enzyme
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specialized proteins that catalyze the chemical reactions of a cell
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substrate
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specific reaction acted on by an enzyme
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active site
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of an enzyme into which a particular substrate fits
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