Micro: Chapter 7

Front 1

Which of the following is best to sterilize heat-labile solutions?

a) dry heat

b) autoclave

c) membrane filtration

d) pasteurization

e) none of the above

Back 1

c) membrane filtration

Front 2

Which of the following best describes the pattern of microbial death?

a) The cells in a population die at a constant rate.

b) All the cells in a culture die at once.

c) All of the cells in a culture are never killed.

d) The pattern varies depending on the antimicrobial agent.

e) The pattern varies depending on the species.

Back 2

a) The cells in a population die at a constant rate.

Front 3

Bacterial death will result from damage to which of the following structures?

a) cell wall

b) plasma membrane

c) proteins

d) nucleic acids

e) all of the above

Back 3

e) all of the above

Front 4

Which of the following substances can sterilize?

a) alcohol

b) phenolics

c) ethylene oxide

d) chlorine

e) soap

Back 4

c) ethylene oxide

Front 5

Which of the following is used for surgical hand scrubs?

a) phenol

b) chlorine bleach

c) chlorhexidine

d) soap

e) glutaraldehyde

Back 5

c) chlorhexidine

Front 6

Which of the following is not a heavy metal?

a) silver nitrate

b) mercurochrome

c) merthiolate

d) copper sulfate

e) chlorine

Back 6

e) chlorine

Front 7

Place the following surfactants in order from the most effective to least effective antimicrobial activity:

1-soap; 2-anionic detergent; 3-cationic detergent

a) 1, 2, 3

b) 1, 3, 2

c) 2, 1, 3

d) 3, 2, 1

e) 3, 1, 2

Back 7

d) 3, 2, 1

Front 8

The antimicrobial activity of chlorine is due to which of the following?

a) the formation of hypochlorous acid

b) the formation of hydrochloric acid

c) the formation of ozone

d) the formation of free O

e) disruption of the plasma membrane

Back 8

a) the formation of hypochlorous acid

Front 9

Iodophors differ from iodine (I2) in that iodophors--

a) don't stain.

b) are less irritating.

c) are longer lasting.

d) are combined with a nonionic detergent.

e) all of the above.

Back 9

e) all of the above

Front 10

Phenolics differ from phenol in that phenolics are all of the following except--

a) nonirritating.

b) relatively odorless.

c) more effective antibacterial agents.

d) more toxic to human cells.

e) all of the above.

Back 10

d) more toxic to human cells

Front 11

Which of the following does not achieve sterilization?

a) dry heat

b) pasteurization

c) autoclave

d) formaldehyde

e) ethylene oxide

Back 11

b) pasteurization

Front 12

Which of the following is a limitation of the autoclave?

a) length of time

b) ability to inactivate viruses

c) ability to kill endospores

d) use with heat-labile materials

e) use with glassware

Back 12

d) use with heat-labile materials

Front 13

Which of the following affects the elimination of bacteria from an object?

a) number of bacteria present

b) temperature

c) pH

d) presence of organic matter

e) all of the above

Back 13

e) all of the above

Front 14

Which of the following substances is the least effective antimicrobial agent?

a) soap

b) cationic detergent

c) phenolics

d) iodine

e) alcohol

Back 14

a) soap

Front 15

Which of these disinfectants acts by denaturing proteins?

a) phenolics

b) aldehydes

c) halogens

d) alcohols

e) all of the above

Back 15

e) all of the above

Front 16

Which of these is not an oxidizing agent?

a) ozone

b) hydrogen peroxide

c) iodine

d) chlorine

e) none of the above

Back 16

e) none of the above

Front 17

Which of the following is not a direct result of heat?

a) breaking hydrogen bonds

b) breaking sulfhydryl bonds

c) denaturing enzymes

d) cell lysis

e) none of the above

Back 17

d) cell lysis

Front 18

Which of the following is not used for the disinfection of water?

a) ozone

b) gamma radiation

c) chlorine

d) copper sulfate

e) none of the above

Back 18

e) all of the above

Front 19

Which of the following is not effective against noneveloped viruses?

a) alcohol

b) chlorine

c) ethylene oxide

d) ozone

e) all are equally effective

Back 19

a) alcohol

Front 20

Glutaraldehyde is considered one of the most effective disinfectants for hospital use. Which of the following would not be true about glutaraldehyde?

a) stains and corrodes

b) safe to transport

c) acts rapidly

d) not hampered by organic material

e) attacks all microorganisms

Back 20

a) stains and corrodes

Front 21

Which concentration of ethyl alcohol is the most effective bactericide?

a) 100%

b) 70%

c) 50%

d) 40%

e) 30%

Back 21

b) 70%

Front 22

All of the following contribute to hospital-acquired infections except--

a) Invasive procedures can produce a portal of entry for bacteria.

b) Bacteria are naturally found in water.

c) Biofilms are resistant to many disinfectants.

d) Bacteria can colonize pipes and tubing.

e) Equipment is sterilized before shipping to the consumer.

Back 22

e) Equipment is sterilized before shipping to the consumer.

Front 23

Which of the following treatments is the most effective for controlling microbial growth?

a) 63 degrees for 30 min

b) 72 degrees for 15 sec

c) 140 for <1 sec.

d) They are equivalent treatments.

e) None are effective.

Back 23

d) They are equivalent treatments.

Front 24

Which of the following could be used to sterilize plastic Petri plates in a plastic wrapper?

a) microwaves

b) ultraviolet radiation

c) gamma radiation

d) sunlight

e) none of the above

Back 24

c) gamma radiation

Front 25

Which of the following treatments does not yield a sterile product?

a) 0.45 um filtration

b) autoclaving

c) gamma radiation

d) ionizing radiation

e) 170 degrees C for 2 hours

Back 25

a) 0.45 um filtration

Front 26

Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

a) AgNO3 - newborns' eyes

b) Merthiolate - open wounds

c) CuSO4 - algicide

d) H2O2 - open wounds

e) none of the above

Back 26

b) Merthiolate - open wounds

Front 27

Which one of the following does not belong with the others?

a) acid-anionic detergents

b) benzoic acid

c) commercial sterilization

d) pasteurization

e) sorbic acid

Back 27

a) acid-anionic detergents

Front 28

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

a) beta-propiolactone

b) glutaraldehyde

c) hydrogen peroxide

d) sodium nitrite

e) sodium propionate

Back 28

d) hydrogen peroxide

Front 29

Foods are preserved with all of the following except--

a) biguanides

b) nisin

c) potassium sorbate

d) sodium nitrite

e) sodium propionate

Back 29

a) biguanides

Front 30

Which one of the following is most useful for disinfecting medical instruments?

a) benzoic acid

b) biguanides

c) chlorine

d) phenol

e) quats

Back 30

e) quats

Front 31

Which one of the following is the best advertisement for a disinfectant?

a) kills E. coli

b) kills Staphylococcus aureus

c) kills Pseudomonas

d) kills lipophilic viruses

e) all are equal

Back 31

c) kills Pseudomonas

Front 32

Which disinfectant is the most effective at stopping bacterial growth?

a) Doom

b) K.O.

c) Mortum

d) Sterl

e) can't tell

Back 32

a) Doom

Front 33

Which disinfectant was bactericidal?

a) Doom

b) K.O.

c) Mortum

d) Sterl

e) can't tell

Back 33

c) Mortum

Front 34

Which disinfectant was most effective against Salmonella?

a) Doom

b) K.O.

c) Mortum

d) Sterl

e) can't tell

Back 34

e) can't tell

Front 35

Which of the following pairs of terms is mismatched?

a) virucide - inactivates viruses

b) fungicide - kills yeasts and molds

c) sterilant - destroys all living microorganisms

d) germicide - kills microbes

e) bacteriostatic - kills vegetative bacterial cells

Back 35

e) bacteriostatic - kills vegetative bacterial cells

Front 36

Which of the following regarding antimicrobial control agents is FALSE?

a) Some agents affect microbial cell membranes by dissolving lipids.

b) Contaminating organic debris such as blood or sputum decrease effectiveness.

c) Silver is used for treating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

d) Some agents kill by denaturing microbial cell proteins.

e) Some agents inactivate viruses by attacking cell membrane lipids.

Back 36

e) Some agents inactivate viruses by attacking cell membrane lipids.

Front 37

An agent used to reduce the number of bacteria on a toilet would most accurately be called a(n)--

a) virucide

b) aseptic

c) antiseptic

d) disinfectant

e) fungicide

Back 37

d) disinfectant

Front 38

Application of heat to living cells can result in all of the following except--

a) denaturation of enzymes

b) alteration of membrane permeability

c) breaking of hydrogen bonds

d) decreased thermal death time

e) damage to nucleic acids

Back 38

d) decreased thermal death time

Front 39

Which of the following disinfectants acts by disrupting the plasma membrane?

a) heavy metals

b) soaps

c) bisphenols

d) aldehydes

e) halogens

Back 39

c) bisphenols

Front 40

Oxidizing agents include all of the following except--

a) chlorine

b) glutaraldehyde

c) ozone

d) iodine

e) hydrogen peroxide

Back 40

b) glutaraldehyde

Front 41

Disinfection of water is achieved by all of the following except--

a) copper sulfate

b) peracetic acid

c) chlorine

d) UV radiation

e) ozone

Back 41

b) peracetic acid

Front 42

Which of the following methods is used to preserve food by slowing the metabolic processes of food borne microbes?

a) pasteurization

b) nonionizing radiation

c) freezing

d) lyophilization

e) ionizing radiation

Back 42

c) freezing

Front 43

All of the following facts contribute to hospital-acquired infections except--

a) invasive procedures can provide a portal of entry for bacteria

b) bacteria may be present in commercial products such as mouthwash

c) some bacteria metabolize disinfectants

d) gram-negative bacteria are often resistant to disinfectants

e) none of the answers is correct; all of these factors may contribute to hospital-acquired infection

Back 43

e) none of the answers is correct; all of these factors may contribute to hospital-acquired infection

Front 44

Which of the following regarding antimicrobial control agents is FALSE?

a) Some agents are utilized as both an antiseptic and a disinfectant.

b) Some agents affect microbial cell membranes by dissolving lipids.

c) Contaminating organic debris such as blood or sputum will decrease effectiveness.

d) A true antimicrobial control agent is equally effective against both bacteria and viruses.

e) Some agents kill by denaturing microbial cell proteins.

Back 44

d) A true antimicrobial control agent is equally effective against both bacteria and viruses.

Front 45

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

a) Ag - wound dressings

b) CuSO4 - algicide

c) alcohols - open wounds

d) H2O2 - open wounds

e) organic acids - food preservation

Back 45

c) alcohols - open wounds

Front 46

An iodophor is a(n)

a) quaternary ammonium compound

b) iodine mixed with a surfactant

c) form of formaldehyde

d) agent that reduces oxygen

e) phenol

Back 46

b) iodine mixed with a surfactant

Front 47

Ethylene oxide--

a) requires high heat to be effective

b) is a good antiseptic

c) is not sporicidal

d) is the active chemical in household bleach

e) is a sterilizing agent

Back 47

e) is a sterilizing agent

Front 48

All of the following are effective for destroying prions except--

a) proteases

b) boiling

c) incineration

d) NaOH + autoclaving at 134 degrees C

e) none of the answers are correct; each of these will destroy prions.

Back 48

b) boiling

Front 49

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

a) ionizing radiation - hydroxyl radicals

b) plasma sterilization - free radicals

c) ozone - takes electrons from substances

d) ultraviolet radiation - desiccation

e) supercritical fluids - CO2

Back 49

d) ultraviolet radiation - desiccation

Front 50

All of the following are methods of food preservation except--

a) microwaves

b) osmotic pressure

c) high pressure

d) desiccation

e) ionizing radiation

Back 50

a) microwaves

Front 51

The preservation of beef jerky from microbial growth relies on which method of microbial control?

a) ionizing radiation

b) supercritical CO2

c) lyophilization

d) filtration

e) desiccation

Back 51

e) desiccation

Front 52

If you were preparing nutrient agar at home and did not have an autoclave, what could you use to sterilize the nutrient agar?

a) pressure cooker at 121 degrees C for 15 minutes

b) boiling for one hour

c) bleach

d) oven at 121 degrees C for one hour

e) hydrogen peroxide

Back 52

a) pressure cooker at 121 degrees C for 15 minutes

Front 53

Bone and tendons for transplant are decontaminated by--

a) supercritical fluids

b) ethylene oxide

c) glutaradehyde

d) peroxygens

e) plasma sterilization

Back 53

a) supercritical fluids

Front 54

Which of the following is most resistant to chemical biocides?

a) gram-positive bacteria

b) viruses with lipid envelopes

c) mycobacteria

d) gram-negative bacteria

e) protozoan cysts

Back 54

d) gram-negative bacteria

Front 55

True or false: Any process that destroys the non-spore forming contaminants or inanimate objects is sterilization.

Back 55

false

Front 56

True or false: Desiccation is a reliable form of sterilization.

Back 56

false

Front 57

True or false: The thermal death time is the time needed to kill all the bacteria in a particular culture at a certain temperature.

Back 57

true

Front 58

True or false: Pseudomonas has been found growing in quaternary ammonium compounds (quats).

Back 58

true

Front 59

True or false: Moist heat destroys organisms by denaturing proteins.

Back 59

true

Front 60

True or false: Some antimicrobial chemicals are considered to be disinfectants and antiseptics.

Back 60

true

Front 61

True or false: The pH of medium has no effect on the activity of the disinfectant being applied.

Back 61

false

Front 62

True or false: Ultraviolet light (UV) causes irreversible breaks in DNA strands.

Back 62

false

Front 63

True or false: Autoclaving is the most effective method of moist heat sterilization.

Back 63

true

Front 64

True or false: Microorganisms placed in high concentrations of salts and sugars undergo lysis.

Back 64

false