Micro Chapter 7

Front 1

Iodine is an example of what type of chemical

Back 1

halogen

Front 2

Halogens are used for

Back 2

disinfect dairy equip,eating utensils, household items, glassware

Front 3

What chemical is used to clean thermometers and other instruments.

Also used to clean the skin before injections

Back 3

alcohol

Front 4

Most resistant microorganism to chemicam biocides

Back 4

prions

Front 5

The_________ microbes you have the longer it takes to kill them

Back 5

more

Front 6

Bacteriostasis _____________ bacterial growth but isn't killing the microbes.

Back 6

inhibits

Front 7

This refers to microbial contamination

Back 7

sepsis

Front 8

The absensce of significant contamination is

Back 8

Asepsis

Front 9

The technic to prevent microbial contamination of wounds is called?

Back 9

aseptic surgery

Front 10

The NUMBER 1 aseptic technique is

Back 10

washing your hands

Front 11

___________ by definition means NO MICROBIAL LIFE.

Back 11

Sterile

Front 12

This removes pathogens but is NOT the same things as sterile.

Back 12

Disinfection

Front 13

________ removing pathogens from living tissue

Back 13

antisepsis

Front 14

__________ sterilization kills endospores

Back 14

commericial sterilizations

Front 15

__________ removes microbes from a limited area

Back 15

degerming

Front 16

_____________ lowers microbial counts on eating utensils

Back 16

sanitation

Front 17

This means killing microbes...

Back 17

Biocide/germocide

Front 18

Another name for biocide is

Back 18

germocide

Front 19

_____________ is the inhibiting of bacteria but does not kill it

Back 19

bacteriostasis

Front 20

How quickly a microbe dies is it's

____________ ___________ __________ ________

Back 20

rate of microbial death

Front 21

The effectiveness of treatment depends on what 4 things

Back 21

1.# of microbes

2. their environment

3. time of exposure

4. Microbial characteristics (are they endospores, mycobacterium, what kind of flagella)

Front 22

Name 4 physical methods of controlling microbial growth

Back 22

1. low temp unless they like cold temperatures

2. high pressure

3. desiccation

4. osmotic pressure

Front 23

_____________ pressure causes plasmolysis

Back 23

osmotic pressure

Front 24

________ prevents metabolism

Back 24

desiccation

Front 25

To reduce something to powder is

Back 25

lyophilization

Front 26

membrane filtration is an example of

Back 26

filtration

Front 27

HEPA filters are an example of

Back 27

Filtration

Front 28

Inceneration is an example of

_____________ _______________ sterilization

Back 28

dry heat sterilization

Front 29

Flamming a loops is an example of

_____________ ____________ sterilization

Back 29

dry heat

Front 30

Name 4 things that kill by oxidation

Back 30

1. dry heat

2. flamming

3. inceneration

4. hot air sterilization

Front 31

When you reduce something to ash by definition it is termed

Back 31

inceneration

Front 32

What tool do we have in the medical world that uses steam under pressure

Back 32

autoclave

Front 33

Always check an _________ _______ to ensure that an autoclave has done it's job.

Back 33

indicator strip

Front 34

Pasteurization is ___________ heat

Back 34

moist

Front 35

_______ reduces spoilage organisms and pathogens

Back 35

pasteurization

Front 36

__________ ________ denatures proteins

Back 36

moist heat

Front 37

When you want to know how many minutes it takes to kill off 90% of all population at a given temperature you want to know what...

Back 37

It's decimal reduction time (DRT)

Front 38

When you want to know the time during which all cells in a culture are killed you want to know what?

Back 38

thermal death time

Front 39

The lowest temperature at which all cells in a culture are killed in 10 minutes is termed the

Back 39

Thermal death point

Front 40

Name 3 ways chemicals act to kill a microbe

Back 40

1. Alter Membrane (make it leaky)

2. damager to proteins

3. damage to nucleotides

Front 41

name a few microorganisms in the middle (when it comes to resistance to chemical biocides

Back 41

Gram - and fungi

Front 42

Name a few of the nastiest microorganisms (when it comes to resistance to chemical biocides

Back 42

prions, mycobacterium, and endospores

Front 43

Name a few of the easy to kill microorganisms when it comes to resistance to chemical biocides

Back 43

Gram +

virus without a lipid envelope

virus with a envelope

Front 44

The perferred use of alcohols is

Back 44

disinfect skin before injections and to clean therometers

Front 45

Iodine and chlorine gas is an example of which chemical agent?

Back 45

halogen

Front 46

The preferred use of halogen chemicals is

Back 46

antiseptic

chlorine gas can disinfect water

disinfect dairy equipment

household items

glassware

Front 47

the preferred use of heavy metals and their compounds

Back 47

creams and ointments for burns

also put in newborns eyes to prevent bacteria that will cause blindness

Front 48

A popular "heavy metal and their compound is

_________ _____________

Back 48

silver nitrate

Front 49

The preferred use of soaps and detergents is

Back 49

skin degerming

removal of debris

Front 50

Preferred uses of quaternary ammonium is

Back 50

antiseptic for skin

rubber goods

utensils

cleaning of instruments

Front 51

Cidex is a ________________ chemical and is used to

________________.

Back 51

ALDEHYDE

disinfect medical equipment

Front 52

The preferred use of Aldehydes is

Back 52

used for disinfecting medical equipment

Front 53

The preferred use of ethylene oxide /gaseous sterilants is

Back 53

sterilization of materials that would be damaged by heat such as medical beds and wheels chairs.

Front 54

The preferred use of plasma sterilization is

Back 54

sterilization of tubular medical instruments like cardiac catheters

Front 55

The preferred use of supercritical fluids is

Back 55

sterilization organic medical implants

Front 56

The preferred use of phenolics

Back 56

environmental surfaces

instruments

skin surfaces

mucous membranes (it's known to numb)

Front 57

The preferred use of bisphenols is

Back 57

disinfectant

hand soaps and lotions

Front 58

____________ is used by surgeons for surgical scrubs

Back 58

chlorhexdine

Front 59

preferred use of biguanides (chlorhexdine)

Back 59

skin disinfectant especially for surgical scrubs

Front 60

A ______ acts on the surface of something

Back 60

surfactant

Front 61

Soaps and surgical scrubs are examples of _______________

Back 61

surfactants

Front 62

________ is another physical method of microbial control

Back 62

Radiation

Front 63

Xrays, gamma rays, electron beams are examples of _____________ ______________

Back 63

ionizing radiation

Front 64

______________ ______________ damages DNA

Back 64

nonionizing radiation

Front 65

________ will kill just about anything except endospores

Back 65

chlorine

Front 66

psychrophiles are ______ lovers

Back 66

cold

Front 67

Cold lovers are are called

Back 67

psychrophiles

Front 68

heat lovers are called

Back 68

hyperthermophiles

Front 69

nucleotides are made up of what 3 things

Back 69

phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base