Intro To Sociology Chapter 14

Front 1

Education

Back 1

The major social institution for transmitting knowledge and skills, as well as teaching cultural norms and values.

Front 2

Schooling

Back 2

Formal instruction under the direction of specially trained teachers.

Front 3

Structural-Functional Theory

Back 3

Highlights major functions of schooling, including socialization, cultural innovation, social integration, and the placement of people in the social hierarchy.

Front 4

Symbolic-Interaction Theory

Back 4

Helps us understand that stereotypes can have important consequences for how people act. If students think they are academically superior, they are likely to perform better; students who think they are inferior are likely to perform less well.

Front 5

Social-Conflict Theory

Back 5

Links schooling to the hierarchy involving class, race, and gender.

Front 6

Tracking

Back 6

Assigning students to different types of educational programs.

Front 7

Problems in Schools

Back 7

-Violence permeates many schools, especially in poor neighborhoods.

-The bureaucratic character of schools fosters high dropout rates and student passivity.

Front 8

Functional Illiteracy

Back 8

A lack of the reading and writing skills needed for everyday living.

Front 9

School Choice Movement

Back 9

Seeks to make schools more accountable to the public. Innovative school choice options include magnet schools, schooling for profit, and charter schools.

Front 10

Home Schooling

Back 10

-The original pioneers of home schooling did not believe in public education because they wanted to give their children a strongly religious upbringing.

-Home schooling advocates today point to the poor performance of public schools.

Front 11

Schooling People w/ Disabilities

Back 11

-Children with mental or physical disabilities have historically been schooled in special classes.

Front 12

Adult Education

Back 12

-Adults represent a growing proportion of students in the United States.

Front 13

The Teacher Shortage

Back 13

-About 400,000 teaching vacancies exist in the United States each year due to low salaries, frustration, retirement, and rising enrollments and class size.

Front 14

Health

Back 14

A social issue because personal well-being depends on society's level of technology and its distribution of resources. A society's culture shapes definitions of health.

Front 15

Health

Back 15

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

Front 16

Medicine

Back 16

The social institution that focuses on fighting disease and improving health.

Front 17

Health in the United States

Back 17

-More than 80% of U.S. children born today will live to at least the age of 65.

Front 18

Social Epidemiology

Back 18

The study of how health and disease are distributed throughout a society's population.

Front 19

Eating Disorder

Back 19

An intense form of dieting or other unhealthy method of weight control driven by the desire to be very thin.

Front 20

Euthanasia

Back 20

Assisting in the death of a person suffering from an incurable disease; also known as mercy killing.

Front 21

Structural-Functional Theory

Back 21

Considers illness to be dysfunctional because it reduces people's abilities to perform their roles (Talcott Parsons).

Front 22

Symbolic-Interaction Theory

Back 22

Investigates the meanings that people attach to health illness, and medical care. These meanings are socially constructed by people in everyday interaction.

Front 23

Social-Conflict Theory

Back 23

Focuses on the unequal distribution of health and medical care. Marxist theory criticizes the U.S. medical establishment for its overreliance on drugs and surgery, the dominance of the profit motive.

Front 24

Feminist Theory

Back 24

Criticizes the medical establishment for "scientific" statements and policies that effectively allow men to dominate women.

Front 25

Holistic Medicine

Back 25

An approach to health care that emphasizes prevention of illness and takes into account a person's entire physical and social environment.

Front 26

Socialized Medicine

Back 26

A medical care system in which the government owns and operates most medical facilities and employs most physicians.

Front 27

Direct-Fee System

Back 27

A medical care system in which patients pay directly for the services of physicians and hospitals .

Front 28

Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)

Back 28

An organization that provides comprehensive medical care to subscribers for a fixed fee.

Front 29

Sick Role

Back 29

Patterns of behavior defined as appropriate for people who are ill.