Intro To Sociology Chapter 11

Front 1

Race

Back 1

A socially constructed category of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of society consider important.

Front 2

Ethnicity

Back 2

A shared cultural heritage.

Front 3

Racial Types

Back 3

Caucasoid; light skin, fine haired people.

Negroid; darker skin and coarse hair.

Mongoloid; yellow or brown skin and distinctive folds on eyelids.

Front 4

Minority

Back 4

Any category of people distinguished by physical or cultural differences that a society sets apart and subordinates.

Front 5

Prejudice

Back 5

A rigid and unfair generalization about an entire category of people.

Front 6

Stereotype

Back 6

A simplified description applied to every person in some category.

Front 7

Social Distance

Back 7

How closely people are willing to interact with members of some category.

Front 8

Racism

Back 8

The belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another.

Front 9

Scapegoat

Back 9

A person or category of people, typically with little power, whom other people blame for their own problems/troubles.

Front 10

Authoritarian Personality Theory

Back 10

Theodor Adorno considered extreme prejudice a personality trait of certain individuals.

Front 11

Authoritarian Personalities

Back 11

People who rigidly conform to conventional cultural values and see moral issues as clear cut matters of right and wrong.

Front 12

Scapegoat Theory

Back 12

States that prejudice comes from frustration among people who are disadvantaged themselves.

Front 13

Culture Theory

Back 13

Bogardus states that prejudice is found in certain people, but some prejudice is found in everyone because it's a part of culture.

Front 14

Conflict Theory

Back 14

States that prejudice is used as a tool by powerful people to oppress others.

Front 15

Discrimination

Back 15

Unequal treatment of various categories of people. Associated with an action, not attitude.

Front 16

Institutional Prejudice and Discrimination

Back 16

Bias built into the operation of society's institutions.

Front 17

Pluralism

Back 17

A state in which people of all races and ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standing.

Front 18

Assimilation

Back 18

The process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture.

Front 19

Segregation

Back 19

The physical and social separation of categories of people.

Front 20

Genocide

Back 20

The systematic killing of one category of people by another category of people.

Front 21

Native Americans

Back 21

The earliest human inhabitants of the Americas, have endured genocide, segregation, and forced assimilation.

Front 22

Native Americans

Back 22

The earliest human inhabitants of the Americas, have endured genocide, segregation, and forced assimilation.

Front 23

White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs)

Back 23

Most of the original European settlers of the United States, and many continue to enjoy high social position today.

Front 24

African Americans

Back 24

Experienced two centuries of slavery. Emancipation in 1865 gave way to segregation by law (Jim Crow Laws.) In the 1950s and 60s, the civil rights movement resulted in legislation that outlawed segregated schools and discrimination in employment.

Front 25

Asian Americans

Back 25

Have suffered both racial and ethnic hostility. Despite prejudice and discrimination, both Chinese and Japanese Americans have above average income and schooling. 40% of U.S. immigration.

Front 26

Asian Americans

Back 26

Have suffered both racial and ethnic hostility. Despite prejudice and discrimination, both Chinese and Japanese Americans have above average income and schooling. 40% of U.S. immigration.

Front 27

Hispanic Americans or Latinos

Back 27

The largest U.S. minority. Includes many ethnicities sharing a Spanish heritage.

Front 28

Asian Americans

Back 28

Have suffered both racial and ethnic hostility. Despite prejudice and discrimination, both Chinese and Japanese Americans have above average income and schooling. 40% of U.S. immigration.

Front 29

Hispanic Americans or Latinos

Back 29

The largest U.S. minority. Includes many ethnicities sharing a Spanish heritage.

Front 30

Arab Americans

Back 30

A growing U.S. minority. Culturally diverse population because the have come from many different nations.

Front 31

Asian Americans

Back 31

Have suffered both racial and ethnic hostility. Despite prejudice and discrimination, both Chinese and Japanese Americans have above average income and schooling. 40% of U.S. immigration.

Front 32

Hispanic Americans or Latinos

Back 32

The largest U.S. minority. Includes many ethnicities sharing a Spanish heritage.

Front 33

Arab Americans

Back 33

A growing U.S. minority. Culturally diverse population because the have come from many different nations.

Front 34

White Ethnic Americans

Back 34

Non WASPs whose ancestors emigrated from Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.