Intro To Sociology Chapter 13

Front 1

Family

Back 1

A social institution found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to care for one another, including any children.

Front 2

Kinship

Back 2

A social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.

Front 3

Marriage

Back 3

A legal relationship, usually involving economic cooperation, sexual activity, and childbearing.

Front 4

Extended Family

Back 4

A family composed of parents and children as well as other kin; also known as consanguine family.

Front 5

Nuclear Family

Back 5

A family composed of one or two parents and their children; also known as a conjugal family.

Front 6

Endogamy

Back 6

Marriage between people of the same social category.

Front 7

Exogamy

Back 7

Marriage between people of different social categories.

Front 8

Monogamy

Back 8

Marriage that unites two partners.

Front 9

Polygamy

Back 9

Marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses.

Front 10

Descent

Back 10

The system by which members of a society trace kinship over generations.

Front 11

Incest Taboo

Back 11

A norm forbidding sexual relations or marriage between certain relatives.

Front 12

Homogamy

Back 12

Marriage between people with the same social characteristics.

Front 13

Infidelity

Back 13

Sexual activity by spouses outside marriage.

Front 14

Causes of Divorce

Back 14

-Individualism is on the rise.

-Romantic love fades.

-Women are less dependent on men.

-Many of today's marriages are stressful.

-Divorce has become socially acceptable.

-Legally, a divorce is easier to get.

Front 15

Who Divorces?

Back 15

Young couples are at a greater risk of divorce because they tend to lack money and emotional authority.

Front 16

Family Violence

Back 16

Emotional, physical, or sexual abuse of one family member by another.

Front 17

Cohabitation

Back 17

The sharing of a household by an unmarried couple.

Front 18

Profane

Back 18

Included as an ordinary part of everyday life.

Front 19

Sacred

Back 19

Set apart as extraordinary, inspiring awe and reverence.

Front 20

Religion

Back 20

A social institution involving beliefs and practices based on recognizing the sacred.

Front 21

Totem

Back 21

An object in the natural world collectively defined as sacred.

Front 22

Liberation Theology

Back 22

The combining of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character.

Front 23

State Church

Back 23

A church formally linked to the state.

Front 24

Denomination

Back 24

A church, independent of the state, that recognizes religious pluralism.

Front 25

Church

Back 25

A religious organization that is well integrated into the larger society.

Front 26

Sect

Back 26

A religious organization that stands apart from the larger society.

Front 27

Charisma

Back 27

Extraordinary personal qualities that can infuse people with emotion and turn them into followers.

Front 28

Cult

Back 28

A religious organization that is largely outside a society's cultural traditions.

Front 29

Animism

Back 29

The belief that elements of the natural world are conscious life forms that affect humanity.

Front 30

Religiosity

Back 30

The importance of religion in a person's life.

Front 31

Secularization

Back 31

The historical decline in the importance of the supernatural and the sacred.

Front 32

Civil Religion

Back 32

A quasi-religious loyalty binding individuals in a basically secular society.

Front 33

Structural-Functional Theory

Back 33

Identifies major family functions that help society operate smoothly; socialization of the young, regulation of sexual activity, social placement, and providing material and emotional support.

Front 34

Social-Conflict Theory and Feminist Theory

Back 34

Explore how the family perpetuates social inequality by transmitting divisions based on class, ethnicity, race, and gender.

Front 35

Symbolic-Interaction Theory and Social-Exchange Theory

Back 35

Highlight the variety of family life as experienced by various family members.

Front 36

Family Violence

Back 36

Most adults who abuse family members were themselves abused as children.

Front 37

Religion in the United States

Back 37

-81% of adults identify w/ a religion.

-60% claim to belong to a religious organization.

-58% profess a firm belief in God.

-58% of adults say they pray at least once a day.

-Just 30% say they attend religious services weekly or almost weekly.