.history Quiz #1

Front 1

A. Agencies of Western Expansion. White European dominance of the American West ____ while the influence of Native and Mexican-Americans ________.

Back 1

Agencies of Western Expansion. White European dominance of the American West (GREW) while the influence of Native and Mexican-Americans (DECLINED).

Front 2

1. Using the figure “250 years,” how much land was claimed by Euro-Americans between 1865 – 1890? [563]

Back 2

Using the figure “250 years,” how much land was claimed by Euro-Americans between 1865 – 1890? [563]

430 million acres

Front 3

2. ____ transcontinental rail lines were laid between 1869 – 1893. [564]

Back 3

(FIVE) transcontinental rail lines were laid between 1869 – 1893. [564]

Front 4

3. Name 2 metals that boosted mining operations in the West: [565]
a.
b.

Back 4

Name 2 metals that boosted mining operations in the West: [565]
a. Silver
b. Copper

Front 5

4. The _____ War shifted cattle raising to the West. [566]

Back 5

The (CIVIL) War shifted cattle raising to the West. [566]

Front 6

5. Does Hollywood feature enough Black cowboys to match their numbers in history? [567]

Back 6

Does Hollywood feature enough Black cowboys to match their numbers in history? [567]

No

Front 7

6. The North “incorporated” the West just like it did the South. How did “corporate” gunmen and “populist” gunmen differ? [L]

Back 7

The North “incorporated” the West just like it did the South. How did “corporate” gunmen and “populist” gunmen differ? [L]

Corporate Gunmen – Served cattle and mining syndicates, Republican, Northerners, respectable townspeople hired them, represent big corporations.

Populist Gunmen – (Dissident), Democrats, from Texas, employed by farmers, prospectors, and citizens resisting corporate encroachment, Railroad holdups popular as they were seen as filchers of the people, represent the “little” people.

Front 8

B. The Last Indian Frontier. Between 1865 and 1890, the Federal Government crushed Indian resistance ____ of the Mississippi river and herded Native-Americans on to ____________. Likewise, Anglo-Americans shoved aside the _______ population.

Back 8

The Last Indian Frontier. Between 1865 and 1890, the Federal Government crushed Indian resistance (WEST) of the Mississippi river and herded Native-Americans on to (RESERVATIONS). Likewise, Anglo-Americans shoved aside the (MEXICAN) population.

Front 9

1. Why were Santee Sioux hung in the largest mass execution in the nation’s history? [569]

Back 9

Why were Santee Sioux hung in the largest mass execution in the nation’s history? [569]

500 white Minnesotans were massacred when braves persuaded Chief Little Crow to go on the warpath.

Front 10

2. William Tecumseh _______ was General of the Army from 1869 – 1884. The total war he pioneered against the ____________ he now used against Indians. [572]

Back 10

William Tecumseh (SHERMAN) was General of the Army from 1869 – 1884. The total war he pioneered against the (CONFEDERATES) he now used against Indians. [572]

Front 11

3. Department of the Missouri commander Phillip ________ went after Indians on the high plains. Methods included ______ campaigning, burning of villages, destruction of animal herds, and recruiting Indian ______ to use against hostile tribes. [569]

Back 11

Department of the Missouri commander Phillip (SHERIDAN) went after Indians on the high plains. Methods included (WINTER) campaigning, burning of villages, destruction of animal herds, and recruiting Indian (SCOUTS) to use against hostile tribes. [569]

Front 12

4. Five companies of the _th Cavalry under the command of General George A. ______ were wiped out by Sioux and Cheyenne Indians 25 June 1876. [569]

Back 12

Five companies of the (7)th Cavalry under the command of General George A. (CUSTER) were wiped out by Sioux and Cheyenne Indians 25 June 1876. [569]

Front 13

5. In 1890, the Sioux Indians believed that the _____ Dance would return the buffalo and protect them from white man’s bullets. [569 – 570]

Back 13

In 1890, the Sioux Indians believed that the (GHOST) Dance would return the buffalo and protect them from white man’s bullets. [569 – 570]

Front 14

6. Who said, “From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.” [573]

Back 14

Who said, “From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.” [573]

Chief Joseph

Front 15

7. What was President U.S. Grant’s “peace policy”? Did it work? [573]

Back 15

What was President U.S. Grant’s “peace policy”? Did it work? [573]

1868 – 1873 – “Conquest by Kindness” – Authority over most Indians transferred from army to civilian controlled Indian Bureau; Pacifist Indian Agents assigned; army not allowed on reservation.

Front 16

8. How did the Dawes Act affect the tribes? [574]

Back 16

How did the Dawes Act affect the tribes? [574]

Indians not used to concept of private ownership of land; farming was considered womens work, trying to convert men to farm instead of hunt essentially stripped them of their masculinity – led to depression.

Front 17

9. What accounts for the rapid demise of the Indians after 1865? [L]

Back 17

What accounts for the rapid demise of the Indians after 1865? [L]

Front 18

10. Enclaves called _______ became urban centers of Mexican-American life as Anglo-Americans pushed the former residents of Old Mexico off the land. [L, 574 – 575]

Back 18

Enclaves called (BARRIOS) became urban centers of Mexican-American life as Anglo-Americans pushed the former residents of Old Mexico off the land. [L, 574 – 575]

Front 19

C. The New South. The Federal Government and Wall Street entrepreneurs sponsored business and industry in the _____ as well as the ____.

Back 19

The New South. The Federal Government and Wall Street entrepreneurs sponsored business and industry in the (SOUTH) as well as the (WEST).

Front 20

1. During the 1880’s southern business reformers rejected the romance of plantations and forgot about electing a Democratic president and focused instead on a New _____ of ________. [575]

Back 20

During the 1880’s southern business reformers rejected the romance of plantations and forgot about electing a Democratic president and focused instead on a New (SOUTH) of (COMMERCE). [575]

Front 21

2. __________, Alabama, became the “Pittsburgh of the South” because it led the way in doubling the South’s production of ____ and _____, helped along by northern _______. [576]

Back 21

(BIRMINGHAM), Alabama, became the “Pittsburgh of the South” because it led the way in doubling the South’s production of (IRON) and (STEEL), helped along by northern (CAPITAL). [576]

Front 22

3. How did the crop lien system hurt tenant and sharecropper farmers? [576]

Back 22

How did the crop lien system hurt tenant and sharecropper farmers? [576]

Sharecroppers and tenants incurred a double indebtedness: to the landowner (who they rented the land from) and to the merchants (who gave them supplies for a lien on their next crop and charged 50 – 60% above cash price); many landowners became merchants, so many were indebted to the same man.

Front 23

4. Name 2 Supreme Court decisions that upheld “Jim Crow” laws in the South. [577]

Back 23

Name 2 Supreme Court decisions that upheld “Jim Crow” laws in the South. [577]

The Supreme Court upheld the disenfranchisement of Blacks in Williams v. Mississippi (1898), and Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) judged it was OK to segregate. Part of the “New South” ideology.

Front 24

5. In 1881, Booker T. __________ founded the ________ Institute. In the 1895 Atlanta Compromise he offered his theory of ______: The Black community would accept temporary segregation; in exchange Whites would support Black business and education. [577]

Back 24

In 1881, Booker T. (WASHINGTON) founded the (TUSKEGEE) Institute. In the 1895 Atlanta Compromise he offered his theory of (EQUALITY or ACCOMIDATION): The Black community would accept temporary segregation; in exchange Whites would support Black business and education. [577]

Front 25

D. The Politics of Stalemate. The “Gilded Age” receives its name from a novel written by ____ _____. The novel tells the story of how politicians supported the demands of ________ speculators, receiving pay-offs in return. Needless to say, it was a period of __________, and neither the Republican nor Democratic parties could claim it was untainted.

Back 25

The Politics of Stalemate. The “Gilded Age” receives its name from a novel written by (MARK TWAIN). The novel tells the story of how politicians supported the demands of (BUSINESS) speculators, receiving pay-offs in return. Needless to say, it was a period of (CORRUPTION), and neither the Republican nor Democratic parties could claim it was untainted.

Front 26

1. Were presidential races close between 1872 – 1896? [578]

Back 26

Were presidential races close between 1872 – 1896? [578]

The 5 presidential elections from 1876 – 1892 were the most closely contested elections in American history, no more than 1% separated the popular vote of the 2 major candidates in any of these elections except in 1892, when the margin was 3%.

Front 27

2. By waving the “______ Shirt” the Republican Party usually won the presidency by claiming it alone could be trusted with the nation’s future. In the south, Democrats denounced ______ equality and consistently elected Confederate veterans as governors. [579]

Back 27

By waving the “(BLOODY) Shirt” the Republican Party usually won the presidency by claiming it alone could be trusted with the nation’s future. In the south, Democrats denounced (RACIAL) equality and consistently elected Confederate veterans as governors. [579]

Front 28

3. In the states of the ex-Confederacy where Jim Crow laws were passed, Black voter participation in Mississippi fell from 130,000 in the 1870’s to ______ in 1900. [651]

Back 28

In the states of the ex-Confederacy where Jim Crow laws were passed, Black voter participation in Mississippi fell from 130,000 in the 1870’s to (1,300) in 1900. [651]

Front 29

4. The assassination of President _____ ________ by a man who failed to receive appointment as U.S. ambassador to France in 1881 resulted in the 1883 _________ Act, a civil service reform act that required appointees to certain government posts to pass an exam. [579]

Back 29

The assassination of President (JAMES GARFIELD) by a man who failed to receive appointment as U.S. ambassador to France in 1881 resulted in the 1883 (PENDLETON) Act, a civil service reform act that required appointees to certain government posts to pass an exam. [579]

Front 30

5. The Republican Party favored a high ______ to protect northeastern manufacturers and to fund the ______ of Union Army veterans who would surely give the party their votes. [580]

Back 30

The Republican Party favored a high (TARRIF) to protect northeastern manufacturers and to fund the (PENSION) of Union Army veterans who would surely give the party their votes. [580]

Front 31

1. 2A – Plessy v. ________ (1896) judged it was OK to segregate. Part of the “New South” ideology. [c.4]

Back 31

Ferguson

Front 32

2. 5A – In the Atlanta Constitution Henry _____ bragged in 1886 that, “We have sown towns and cities in the place of theories, and put business above politics.” [pg. 575]

Back 32

Grady

Front 33

3. 6A – Acronym for “Bachelor of Arts” degree.

Back 33

BA

Front 34

4. 7A – ______ operations sucked in a lot of capital and machinery and often pitted the owners against laborers as seen by violent strikes at Coeur d’ Alene and Cripple Creek. [a.3]

Back 34

Mining

Front 35

5. 8A – The “No ____ to retreat” mentality of the West often led to gun battles between rival interests. [a.6]

Back 35

Duty

Front 36

6. 10A – Voter turn-out was high during the Gilded Age because a boss of a political _______ in an immigrant neighborhood practically marched his constituents to the voting booths. Hint: Oil keeps it running.

Back 36

Machine

Front 37

7. 11A – The McKinley Tariff would result in secure pensions for veterans of the _____ Army. [d.4]

Back 37

Union

Front 38

8. 12A – 256 troopers of the US army were wiped out by Sioux and Cheyenne Indians 25 June 1876 at the Battle of Little _______. [b.4]

Back 38

Bighorn

Front 39

9. 14A – He was the only regular army general killed by an Indian. His death in 1873 at the hands of Modoc Indian chief “Captain Jack” also ended Grant’s peace policy. [b.7]

Back 39

Canby

Front 40

10. 17A – 4th letter of the Greek alphabet. Also an alluvial deposit at the mouth of rivers.

Back 40

Delta

Front 41

11. 18A – Only 40 miles from the Canadian border, Chief Joseph turned toward his pursuers and said, “Where the sun now stands I will fight no more _______.” [b.6]

Back 41

Forever

Front 42

12. 23A – Anglo-Europeans disenfranchised _______ elites and divested them of land between 1850 – 1890. When this happened, working class members of this ethnic group had no one left to represent them. [b.10]

Back 42

Mexican

Front 43

13. 24A – _____ forged in Birmingham, Alabama was one reason southern the South’s output of pig iron rose from 9% in 1880 to 18% in 1890. Much of the increase was funded by northern capital. [c.2]

Back 43

Steel

Front 44

14. 25A – Past for “light.”

Back 44

Lit

Front 45

15. 27A – In 1874 he led an army expedition into the Black Hills, SD, and discovered gold. The Sioux resisted. He recklessly engaged a concentration of 2,000 warriors in Montana that resulted in the 2nd worst disaster the US army suffered from Indian action. He started a western legend debated even today. [b.4]

Back 45

Custer

Front 46

16. 29A – Discovered in the Black Hills, South Dakota, 1875. Led to Sioux uprising.

Back 46

Gold

Front 47

17. 31A – Opposite of dry.

Back 47

Wet

Front 48

18. 32A – Type of gunfighters hired by mining and cattle syndicates and townspeople to eliminate opposition and keep the peace in western settlements. [a.6]

Back 48

Corporate

Front 49

19. 36A – General of the Army (1869 – 1883) who herded Indians onto reservations or ordered his generals to exterminate them. [b.2]

Back 49

Sherman

Front 50

20. 38A – Not him but ___.

Back 50

Her

Front 51

21. 39A – The Army Department of the ________ had jurisdiction over an area that was home to the Indians of the Great Plains. In 1876 General Phillip Sheridan was in command. [b.3]

Back 51

Missouri

Front 52

22. 41A – Populist gunslingers usually came from this political party. [a.6]

Back 52

Democrat

Front 53

23. 44A – A popular place to buy relaxed clothing.

Back 53

Gap

Front 54

24. 45A – Depletion of cattle herds in the eastern states during the _____ War (1861 – 1865) moved the beef industry west of the Mississippi River. [a.4]

Back 54

Civil

Front 55

25. 47A – In biology you might have an extra class called ___.

Back 55

Lab

Front 56

26. 50A – Army officers campaigned during the ______ season to take advantage of the Indians’ weakened ponies and lack of vigilance. [b.3]

Back 56

Winter

Front 57

27. 52A – In each year after 1870, the value in ore extracted in this metal exceeded gold in volume and sometimes in value. [a.3]

Back 57

Silver

Front 58

28. 54A – Wyatt ____ was the sheriff of Tombstone, Arizona, and represented corporate interests in the shoot-out at OK Corral. [a.6]

Back 58

Earp

Front 59

29. 55A – The ___ River War (1874 – 1875) destroyed the Indians of southern plains. Colonel Ranald MacKenzie of the 4th Cavalry haled in Kiowa Chief Satanta in Texas, earning him a reputation as a great Indian fighter. Both committed suicide.

Back 59

Red

Front 60

30. 56A – The _____ Act (1887) ended tribal authority and granted land to individual Indians. [b.8]

Back 60

Dawes

Front 61

31. 59A – A bee lives in one.

Back 61

Hive

Front 62

32. 60A – A Chiricuahua Apache war leader who resisted the reservation until finally surrendering to General Nelson Miles in 1886. A band played “Auld Lang Syne” as the train taking the famous Apache departed for Florida. He never returned to Arizona, dying at Ft. Sill, Oklahoma in 1909.

Back 62

Geronimo

Front 63

33. 62A – Indians of the northern plains believed that the _____ Dance ritual would bring back the buffalo, make the white man disappear, and cover the earth with a fresh layer of dirt. Shirts sewn for the ceremony were supposed to make warriors invisible to soldiers’ bullets. [b.5]

Back 63

Ghost

Front 64

34. 66A – Abbreviation for California.

Back 64

Cal

Front 65

35. 67A – BTW assumed that Whites would _______ African-American self-help efforts in exchange for Black acceptance of segregation. [c.5]

Back 65

Support

Front 66

36. 68A – French word meaning “pierced nose,” the government ordered its removal from the Wallowa Valley, Washington. The tribe attempted to flee to Canada in 1877. Their escape route winded through Yellowstone Park, the Bitter Root Mts, and on to the Great Plains. After a brilliant rear guard action at Bear Paw Mtn (30 October 1877) in which the Indian skillfully held off pursuing US troops, the tribe surrendered in Montana to General Oliver O. Howard. [b.6]

Back 66

Nezperce

Front 67

37. 69A – The invention of barbed wire in 1874 helped “sod busters” establish _____ on the plains. [630]

Back 67

Farms

Front 68

38. 1D – 20th President of the US, he was assassinated in 1881 by C. Guiteau, disgruntled because he had not been given the post of ambassador to France. It is now more commonly believed that Guiteau was a religious fanatic. The death of this president resulted in the Pendleton Act, which required government appointees to pass an exam. [d.4]

Back 68

Garfield

Front 69

39. 2D – Not thin.

Back 69

Fat

Front 70

40. 3D – Frederich the _____ was the Prussian General-King who won great victories during the Seven Years’ War (1756 – 1763) and laid the foundation for the modern German state.

Back 70

Great

Front 71

41. 4D – His prestige among the Sioux, Cheyenne, and some Arapaho enabled him to gather over 5,000 Plains Indians for one last great buffalo hunt – and fight against the White Man – in the summer of 1876. He was murdered in 1890. [b.4]

Back 71

Sittingbull

Front 72

42. 6D – Numbers fell from 40 million to less than 5,000 by 1880. [b.9]

Back 72

Buffalo

Front 73

43. 9D – The Supreme Court upheld the disenfranchisement of Blacks in _____ v. Mississippi (1898). [c.4]

Back 73

Williams

Front 74

44. 13D – This party favored high tariffs to protect northeastern manufacturers and to get the vote of veterans of the Union Army who would then receive higher pensions. [d.5]

Back 74

Republican

Front 75

45. 15D – It stings.

Back 75

Bee

Front 76

46. 16D – You have 4 of them on your car.

Back 76

Tire

Front 77

47. 17D – _____ such as small pox, measles, and typhoid fever reduced Indian population from an estimated 10 million in 1492 to a half million by 1850 to perhaps 100,000 by 1890. [b.9]

Back 77

Disease

Front 78

48. 19D – The Santee Sioux, who lived near the Mississippi _____ in Minnesota, rebelled when Indians agents would not supply them with food. Angry, starving Indians killed over 1,000 whites before troops gained the upper hand. Abraham Lincoln personally reviewed the 303 convicted Indians and commuted all but 38 of them. [b.1]

Back 78

River

Front 79

49. 20D – Name of Mexican enclaves in American cities and towns. [b.10]

Back 79

Barrio

Front 80

50. 21D – Long Horn _____ are particularly suited for long drives and dry climate. [a.4]

Back 80

Cattle

Front 81

51. 22D – The US Army often employed Indian _____ when campaigning against hostile bands. [b.3]

Back 81

Scouts

Front 82

52. 26D – Money to finance southern industry came mostly from what part of the country? [576]

Back 82

North

Front 83

53. 28D – Cattle drives typically began in this state and moved north to railheads in Kansas. [map 566]

Back 83

Texas

Front 84

54. 30D – _____ Knee, SD, was the site of the Ghost Dance and the 7th Cavalry’s violent response, 1890. [b.5]

Back 84

Wounded

Front 85

55. 31D – African-American leader who founded Tuskegee Institute, advocated vocational training, and believed Blacks should temporarily “accommodate” themselves to White supremacy in the South. [c.5]

Back 85

Washington

Front 86

56. 33D – President of US, 1868 – 1876. Corruption honeycombed the administration of this former Civil General, but he tried to offer a benign policy to Native-Americans. [b.7]

Back 86

Grant

Front 87

57. 34D – A share-_____ gave a % of his crop to the land owner. This system of landholding was difficult for poor farmers to escape. [c.3]

Back 87

Cropper

Front 88

58. 35D – _____ gunslingers were usually democrats, came from Texas, and occasionally turned to illegal activities. [a.6]

Back 88

Populist

Front 89

59. 36D – Abbreviation of “Nadousessioux,” an Ojibwa word meaning “enemy.” The Teton branch were formidable, and included the Brulé, Hunkpapa, Miniconjou, Oglala, Two Kettle, San Arcs, and Blackfoot.

Back 89

Sioux

Front 90

60. 37D – Mining of this metal began in Montana in the 1870’s. [a.3]

Back 90

Copper

Front 91

61. 40D – Hispanic social historians argue that glorification of the physical artifacts of Mexican culture have tended to make the real people _____. [b.10]

Back 91

Invisible

Front 92

62. 42D – One of the main agencies of post Civil War expansion. Company names were Union Pacific, Great Northern, Central Pacific, Missouri-Pacific, etc. [map 565]

Back 92

Railroad

Front 93

63. 43D – The intent of the Dawes act was to end the practice of treating Indian _____ as separate nations. [b.7]

Back 93

Tribes

Front 94

64. 46D – The number of transcontinental RR’s built, 1869 – 1893. [a.2]

Back 94

Five

Front 95

65. 48D – The 1880 Mussel _____ conflict pitted settlers against rail road interests in California’s Central Valley. Two corporate and 5 populist gunmen were killed, but in the end the settlers had to leave. [a.6]

Back 95

Slough

Front 96

66. 49D – Between 1875 and 1900, land designated for Indian ____________ shrank. [map 573]

Back 96

Reservations

Front 97

67. 51D – The 1878 _____ Cutting Act authorized anyone to cut down trees on the public domain.

Back 97

Timber

Front 98

68. 53D – The establishment of the Board of Indian Commissioners in 1869 signaled the beginning of President Grant’s “_____ Policy.” The aim was to treat Indians as “wards” of the Federal government and induce them to accept the benefits of modern civilization. [b.7]

Back 98

Peace

Front 99

69. 57D – The numerical designation of Custer’s ill-starred cavalry command. [b.4]

Back 99

Seventh

Front 100

70. 58D – The “New _____” ideology called for racial segregation while accepting capital investment from the North to build southern industry and agriculture. [c.1]

Back 100

South

Front 101

71. 61D – The reason elections were won by razor thin margins during the Gilded Age was because no clear _____ separated Republicans and Democrats. [d.1]

Back 101

Issues

Front 102

72. 63D – 430 million _____ passed into Anglo-European hands between 1865 – 1890, surpassing the 403 million during the first 250 years of American history. [a.1]

Back 102

Acres

Front 103

73. 64D – Hollywood films don’t portray enough _____ cowboys in their films. [a.5]

Back 103

Black

Front 104

74. 65D – Name of a dog in elementary grade readers.

Back 104

Spot