Digestive System Pathology

Front 1

That malabsorption disorder which is a sensitivity to gluten and increases lymphocyte production is:

Back 1

celiac disease (sprue)

Front 2

The omentum is formed by double fold of:

Back 2

parietal peritoneum

Front 3

_________ describes a mucosal thickening in the lower esophagus associated with a sliding hiatal hernia:

Back 3

Schatzke’s ring

Front 4

That type of diverticulum which involves a ballooning of all layers of the alimentary wall is called:

Back 4

traction

Front 5

Body habitus determines where certain structures will lay within the abdominal cavity, for example in the hypersthenic habitus the stomach will generally be:

Back 5

high and horizontal with bulb around T11-12

Front 6

The telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another is termed:

Back 6

Intussusception

Front 7

A mechanical blockage of the lumen of bowel, involving a stone migrating from biliary system to GI is called

Back 7

gallstone ileus

Front 8

A mechanical blockage of the lumen of bowel, involving a stone migrating from biliary system to GI is called

Back 8

Methylcellulose

Front 9

Twisting of the bowel around it's mesenteric base is termed:

Back 9

Volvulus

Front 10

A causative factor of a paralytic ileus is ________.

Back 10

Infection

Front 11

That diverticula, which is thought to be a remnant of the duct connecting small bowel to unbilicus, located proximal to the ileocecal valve is:

Back 11

Meckel's diverticula

Front 12

True or false: Visualization of an apple core lesion is suggestive of colon cancer.

Back 12

True

Front 13

Crohn's disease is also called :

Back 13

regional enteritis

Front 14

That diverticulum occurring at the pharyngoesophaeal junction is called:

Back 14

Zenker's

Front 15

Barium sulfate is used as what type of suspension?

Back 15

colloidal

Front 16

Patient prep for an esophagram series includes:

Back 16

no prep

Front 17

True or false. Motility of barium during procedures is dependent on type of barium salt used.

Back 17

False

Front 18

The most common site for colonic diverticula is:

Back 18

sigmoid colon

Front 19

An esophageal abnormality produced when normal epithelium is destroyed by gastric acid from repeated reflux and replaced with other cells is a condition called:

Back 19

Barrett's esophagus

Front 20

Whipple’s disease is a form of which syndrome?

Back 20

Malabsorption

Front 21

That inflammatory condition which involves the mucosal lining of the stomach and may be related to alcohol intake or smoking is:

Back 21

gastroenteritis

Front 22

Veriform appendix obstruction often leads to:

Back 22

appendicitis

Front 23

Colonic polyps which attach directly to the bowel wall are called:

Back 23

sessile

Front 24

Which of the following imaging modalities would be most useful in demonstrating GI bleeding?

Back 24

Nuc med

Front 25

A term describing a benign smooth muscle tumor is:

Back 25

leiomyoma

Front 26

True or false. Gastric carcinoma has ill defined borders.

Back 26

True

Front 27

_________ usually starts around the terminal ileum with inflammation of the mucosal cells which may ulcerate through the bowel wall.

Back 27

Granulomatous colitis

Front 28

That neurogenic condition in which the EG sphincter cannot relax resulting in dilated esophagus at the EG junction is:

Back 28

Achlasia

Front 29

This congential condition of the eosophagus which stops short of actually connecting to the stomach and is usually associated with tracheosophageal fistulas:

Back 29

esophageal atresia

Front 30

An infant demonstrating the double bubble sign on imaging accompanied by gastric distention, no stool produced is probably suffering from:

Back 30

duodenal atresia

Front 31

Identify that area of the digestive system least likely to develop neoplasms:

Back 31

small bowel

Front 32

Cirrhosis of the liver interferes with blood flow through the hepatic portal system often resulting in:

Back 32

esophageal varices

Front 33

The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may be useful in treating:

Back 33

esophageal varices

Front 34

Peptic ulcer disease is thought to be associated with:

Back 34

Helicobacter pylori

Front 35

Fungal infections resulting in the shaggy appearance of the esophagus is attributed to:

Back 35

Candida

Front 36

A mass of undigested vegetable fiber within the stomach of bowel is called a:

Back 36

phytobezoar

Front 37

What is the name of the pathology is associated with bowel invading scrotal sac?

Back 37

Inguinal hernia

Front 38

The rhythmic smooth muscle contractions found in the upper gastrointestinal system are called:

Back 38

Peristalsis

Front 39

Retroperitoneal structures include:

Back 39

Pancreas, duodenum, ascending and descending colon and upper rectum

Front 40

Infraperitoneal structures include:

Back 40

Lower rectum

Front 41

How will the stomach be oriented in a sthenic patient?

Back 41

J shaped w/ bulb at L1-2

Front 42

How will the stomach be oriented in a hypostenic patient?

Back 42

Elongated and low w/ bulb around L3-L4

Front 43

What transport types take place in the esophagus?

Back 43

Gravity and peristalsis

Front 44

A small bowel series is complete when:

Back 44

The barium reaches the ileocecal valve

Front 45

Motility of barium is dependent on:

Back 45

Suspending medium
Additives
Temperature
Consistency
Patient condition

Front 46

What are contraindications for barium?

Back 46

GI perforation
Possible leakage into peritoneal cavity
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Pre-operative
Vascular infiltration
Constipation

Front 47

What is the patient prep for a UGI or SBS?

Back 47

NPO after midnight
No gum or smoking morning of

Front 48

For a small bowel enema the tube must pass :

Back 48

The ligament of Treitz

Front 49

Another name for a small bowel enema is:

Back 49

Enteroclysis

Front 50

What is the most common type of NG tube?

Back 50

Levin

Front 51

Miller Abbott, Harris and Cantor are what types of tubes?

Back 51

Decompression

Front 52

Dobhoff, Corpak, and Entriflex are what types of tubes?

Back 52

enteral for prolonged use

Front 53

What is a Levacuator tube?

Back 53

double lumen for lavage and suction

Front 54

What is atresia?

Back 54

absence or closure of normal body orifice

Front 55

What is Hirschsprung's disease?

Back 55

absence of neurons in bowel wall (typically sigmoid colon) results in gross dilation

Front 56

What is toxic megacolon?

Back 56

Bacterial growth with fluid and electrolyte imbalance

Front 57

What is Meckel's diverticulum?

Back 57

remnant of duct connected small bowel to umbilicus in fetus

Front 58

Malabsorption sydrome is a group of disease also referred to as:

Back 58

sprue

Front 59

What is whipple's disease?

Back 59

dilation of intestine, edema, malabsorption, fatty deposits on bowel wall

Front 60

What is celiac disease?

Back 60

sensitivity to gluten producing lymphocytes which attack mucosa

Front 61

What is carbohydrate/lactose insufficiency?

Back 61

small bowel lacks enzyme lactase, lactose stays in bowel drawing water into the colon

Front 62

What is the treatment for esophageal stricture?

Back 62

Balloon dilation (Hurst & Maloney dilators)

Front 63

What is candida esophagitis?

Back 63

fungal infection common in patients who receive immunsuppressant agents and radiation therapy/chemo

Front 64

Severe GERD may cause:

Back 64

Barrett's esophagus

Front 65

Gastric acid eating away the epithilium will cause:

Back 65

GERD

Front 66

H. Pylori is associated with :

Back 66

chronic antral gastritis

Front 67

Erosion of mucosal membrane most often in proximal esophagus, stomach or duodenum is:

Back 67

Peptic ulcers

Front 68

Ingestion of contaminated food (salmonella) causes:

Back 68

Gastroenteritis

Front 69

Infection of lumen of small bowel by a protozoa is :

Back 69

Giardiasis

Front 70

Infestation of roundworms is:

Back 70

Ascariasis

Front 71

This pathology starts with inflammation of mucosal cells with ulceration of bowel wall. Scaring may lead to obstruction and creates cobblestone appearance

Back 71

Crohn's disease

Front 72

What are causes of paralytic ileus?

Back 72

Infection or drug induced

Front 73

Esophageal achalasia is:

Back 73

Reduced peristalsis at EG sphicter, unable to relax, becomes dilated

Front 74

What pathology causes aganglionic bowel preventing peristalsis?

Back 74

Hirschsprung's Disease

Front 75

Zenker's diverticulum occurs where?

Back 75

Pharyngoesophageal junction

Front 76

Where is Meckel's diverticula located?

Back 76

proximal to ileocecal valve

Front 77

Benign tumors make up what percentage of stomach tumors?

Back 77

less than 10%

Front 78

What is a bezoar?

Back 78

Mass of undigested materials trapped in stomach

Front 79

What is a trichobezoar?

Back 79

mass of hair trapped in stomach

Front 80

What is a phytobezoar?

Back 80

mass of vegetable fiber or seeds trapped in stomach

Front 81

Malignant neoplasms of the stomach are commonly found:

Back 81

pylorus or antrum and lesser curvature

Front 82

Predisposing factors for small bowel neoplasms are:

Back 82

Polyposis
Kaposi's Sarcoma

Front 83

What is a pendunculated neoplasm?

Back 83

is stalked

Front 84

What are predisposing factors for colon cancer?

Back 84

Family history
Ulcerative colitis
Environmental factors including diet