Cultural Anthropology Ch.16

Front 1

Cash Economies-

Back 1

Systems of exchange based on the use of currency in modern markets.

Front 2

Colonies-

Back 2

Settlements of foreign nationals with controlling interests in indigenous territories.

Front 3

Customary Law-

Back 3

Selected aspects of native justice and jurisprudence codified into law by colonial authorities, mainly to secure greater control over indigenous populations.

Front 4

Depopulation-

Back 4

Reduction in population size as a result of war, conquest, colonization, or disease.

Front 5

Encomiendas-

Back 5

Spanish landholding system in the American colonies that granted the use of land and the labor of any indigenous people on that land to soldiers, priests, and settlers.

Front 6

Exploitation Colonies-

Back 6

Colonies established by military conquest for the purpose of exploiting the economic and natural resources of a region.

Front 7

Fur Trade-

Back 7

Exchange of animal pelts or hides between Native Americans and colonists in exchange for European trade goods.

Front 8

Haciendas-

Back 8

Estates made up of lands directly owned by Spanish settlers.

Front 9

Imperialism-

Back 9

Empire building through state expansion in both commerce and territory.

Front 10

Maritime Enclaves-

Back 10

Colonies established as a result of sea trade and coastal exploration for the purpose of controlling trade at foreign ports.

Front 11

Missionism-

Back 11

Settlement for the purpose of religious conversion.

Front 12

Mita-

Back 12

Traditional Incan system of conscripted labor for public works, adopted by the Spanish for use in obtaining indigenous workers for their mines.

Front 13

Nationalism-

Back 13

Movement in independent states to build national identity, pride, and unity.

Front 14

Pacification-

Back 14

Colonial goal of forcing indigenous people to be peaceful and nonresistant so that settlers could safely inhabit their lands.

Front 15

Postcolonial Era-

Back 15

Period (roughly since 1965), following the independence of the last former European colonies as new nations under indigenous leadership and control.

Front 16

Reservations-

Back 16

Land guaranteed by treaty for native residents' ownership and control.

Front 17

Resettlement Policies-

Back 17

Efforts of colonial authorities to relocate indigenous people to permanent settlements, usually on less desirable land, to control and influence them.

Front 18

Settlement Colonies-

Back 18

Permanent colonies established through exploration or conquest for the purpose of occupying land and controlling labor.

Front 19

Slave Trade-

Back 19

Buying and selling of people into servitude.

Front 20

White Man's Burden-

Back 20

Paternalistic, racist, colonial attitude that treated colonized peoples as inferiors in need of protection and instruction on how to live.

Front 21

Xenophobic-

Back 21

Having to do with fear, hatred, and envy of strangers, outsiders, or foreign-born minorities within the society.