Cultural Anthropology Ch. 7

Front 1

Balanced Reciprocity

Back 1

Exchange of goods and services of a specified value at a specified time and place.

Front 2

Barter

Back 2

An exchange of products in which one person gives one type of product in exchange for another type of product.

Front 3

Capital

Back 3

Land, money, factories, and the like that support and supply the materials needed for production.

Front 4

Capitalism

Back 4

An economic mode of production in which the goal is to amass wealth in the form of money in order to gain control over the means of production and then use this control to accumulate even greater wealth.

Front 5

Colonialism

Back 5

Policies in which countries establish colonies in distant places in order to exploit their resources and labor, and possibly to establish settlements of their own citizens abroad.

Front 6

Commodity

Back 6

A product that can be sold or traded in return for money or other products.

Front 7

Consumerism

Back 7

Culture of consumption of goods and services.

Front 8

Consumption

Back 8

The use of subsistence resources, including outcomes of production.

Front 9

Economic System

Back 9

Cultural methods of allocating natural resources, the means of exploiting the resources through technology, the organization of work, and the production, distribution, consumption, and exchange of goods and services.

Front 10

Generalized Reciprocity

Back 10

The exchange of goods and services without keeping track of their exact value, but often with the expectation that their value will balance over time.

Front 11

Industrial Agriculture

Back 11

Application of industrial and chemicals to farming in order to increase productivity.

Front 12

Industrialism

Back 12

The use of machines to produce products and foods.

Front 13

Intensive Agriculture

Back 13

Application of technology and intensive labor to farming, such as the plow and irrigation.

Front 14

Market Economy

Back 14

Economic system in which products are traded in impersonal exchanges between buyers and sellers using an all-purpose currency.

Front 15

Mission System

Back 15

Pattern of Spanish colonization of the Americas in the name of the Roman Catholic Church.

Front 16

Negative Reciprocity

Back 16

Exchange of goods and services in which each party seeks to benefit at the expense of the other, thus making profit.

Front 17

Poll Taxes

Back 17

Taxes levied on households.

Front 18

Potlatch

Back 18

Ceremonial feast, characteristic of indigenous Pacific Northwest coast societies, during which hosts distributed to guests a great deal of food and goods that had been accumulated over many months or years.

Front 19

Production

Back 19

System of extracting resources and utilizing labor and technology in order to obtain foods, goods, and services.

Front 20

Redistributive Networks

Back 20

Economic systems in which food and other goods are amassed by an organizer and then distributed to community members or guests at large public gatherings.

Front 21

Specialization of Labor

Back 21

System of allocating work in which different people perform different tasks.

Front 22

Surplus Value

Back 22

The amount of value produced by workers in capitalist production that is greater than the wage paid to them.

Front 23

Trade

Back 23

System of exchange in which goods are exchanged for either other goods or for money.