Cultural Anthropology Ch. 1

Front 1

Anthropology

Back 1

The study of humanity, from its evolutionary origins millions of years ago to its currently worldwide diversity.

Front 2

Societies

Back 2

Populations of people living in organized groups within social institutions and expectations of behavior.

Front 3

Culture

Back 3

The learned values, beliefs, and rules of conduct shared to some extent by the members of society that govern their behavior with one another.

Front 4

Symbolic Culture

Back 4

The ideas people have about themselves, others, and the world, and the ways that people express these ideas.

Front 5

Material Culture

Back 5

The tools people make and use, the clothing and ornaments they wear, the buildings they live in, and the household utensils they use.

Front 6

Comparative Perspective

Back 6

An approach in anthropology that uses data about the behaviors and beliefs in many societies to document both cultural universals and cultural diversity.

Front 7

Culture Change

Back 7

Changes in peoples' ways of life over time through both internal and external forces.

Front 8

Globalization

Back 8

The rapid transformation of local cultures around the world in response to the economic and other influences of a dominant culture.

Front 9

Holistic Perspective

Back 9

A perspective in anthropology that views culture as an integrated whole no part of which can be completely understood without considering the whole.

Front 10

Cultural Anthropology

Back 10

The study of cultural behavior, especially the comparative study of living and recent human cultures.

Hint 10

The study of human culture

Front 11

Ethnology

Back 11

Aspect of cultural anthropology involved with building theories about cultural behaviors and forms.

Front 12

Ethnography

Back 12

Aspect of cultural anthropology involved with observing and documenting peoples' ways of life.

Front 13

Indigenous Societies

Back 13

Peoples who are now minority groups in state societies but who were formally independent and have occupied their territories for a long time.

Front 14

Ethnocentrism

Back 14

The widespread human tendency to perceive the ways of doing things in one's own culture as normal and natural and that of others as strange and inferior, and possibly even unnatural and inhuman.

Front 15

Cultural Relativism

Back 15

An approach in anthropology that stresses the importance of analyzing cultures in their own terms rather than in terms of the culture of the anthropologist. This does not mean, however, that all cultural behavior must be condoned.

Front 16

Ethical Relativism

Back 16

The belief that all rights and wrongs are relative to time, place and culture, such that no moral judgments of behavior can be made.

Front 17

Linguistic Anthropology

Back 17

The study of language and communication and the relationship between language and other aspects of culture and society.

Hint 17

The study of language.

Front 18

Historical Linguistics

Back 18

The study of changes in language and communication over time and between peoples in contact.

Front 19

Archaeology

Back 19

The study of past cultures, both historic cultures with written records and prehistoric cultures that predate the invention of writing.

Hint 19

The study of past cultures.

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Biological Anthropology

Back 20

The study of human origins and biological diversity.

Front 21

Paleoanthropology

Back 21

The study of the fossil record, especially skeletal remains, to understand the process and products of human evolution.

Front 22

Medical Anthropology

Back 22

A discipline that bridges cultural and biological anthropology, focusing on health and disease in human populations.

Front 23

Applied Anthropology

Back 23

An area of anthropology that applies the techniques and theories of the field to problem solving outside of traditional academic settings.

Front 24

Forensic Anthropologists

Back 24

Biological anthropologists who analyze human remains in the service of criminal justice and families of disaster victims.

Front 25

Cultural Resource Management

Back 25

The application of archaeology to preserve and protect historic structures and prehistoric sites.

Front 26

Contract Archaeology

Back 26

The application of archaeology to assess the potential impact of construction on archaeological sites and to salvage archaeological evidence.