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127 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define: Arteriole
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Small artery
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Define: Bowman capsule
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Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus
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Define: Calyx/Calix
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Cup-like collecting region of renal pelvis
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Define: Cortex
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outer region: renal cortex is outer region of kidney
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Define: Creatinine
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Waste product of muscle metabolism; nitrogenous waste excreted in urine
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Define: Creatinine Clearance
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measure of efficiency of the kidneys in removing creatinine from blood
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Define: Erythropoietin (EPO)
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hormone secreted by kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells by bone marrow
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Define: Glomerulus
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tiny ball of capillaries in cortex of kidney
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Define: Hilum
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depression or hollow in that part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
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Define: kidney
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one of two bean shaped organs behind the abdominal cavity on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region
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Define: meatus
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opening or canal
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Define: medulla
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inner region: renal medulla is inner region of kidney
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Define: micturition
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urination, th act of voiding
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Define: nephron
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Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney. It's the functional unit of the kidney, each capable of forming urine by itself. 1 million nephrons in a kidney
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Define:nitrogenous wastes
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substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine
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Define:renal artery
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blood vessel that carries blood to kidney
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Define:renal pelvis
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central collecting region in kidney
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Define: renal tubule
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microscopic tube in kidney in which urine is formed after filtration. Here the composition of urine is altered by process of reabsorption and secretion
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Define: renal vein
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blood vessel that carries blood away from kidney and toward the heart
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Define: renin
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enzymatic hormone synthesized, stored, and secreted by kidney. It raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction
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Define: trigone
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triangular area in urinary bladder in which ureters enter and urethra exits
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Define: urea
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major nitrogenous wasted product excreted in urine
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Define:ureter
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tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder
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Define:urethra
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tube leading from urinary bladder to outside of body
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Define:urinary bladder
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hollow muscular sac holding and storing urine
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Define:urination
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process of expelling urine aka micturition
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Define: voiding
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emptying of urine from urinary bladder, urination, micturition
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Cortical
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pertaining to cortex
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medullary
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pertaining to medulla
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cali/o, calic/o
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calyx/ calix
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caliectasis
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widening of calyx (in renal pelvis)
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caliceal
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pertaining to calix
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder
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cystitis
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inflammed urinary bladder
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cystectomy
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excision of urinary bladder
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why would we do a cystectomy?
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cancer
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cystostomy
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new opening to form a mouth from urinary bladder to outside of body
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glomerul/o
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glomerulus
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glomerular
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pertaining to glomerulus
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meat/o
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meatus
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meatal stenosis
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pertaining to tightening of meatus, narrow opening of meatus
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meatotomy
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incision of meatus
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nephr/o
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kidney
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paranephric
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pertaining to near the kidney
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nephropathy
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disease of kidney
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nephroptosis
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drooping of kidney
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nephrolithotomy
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incision to remove kidney stone
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nephrosclerosis
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hardening of arteries of kidney
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hydronephrosis
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condition of water in the kidney
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nerphostomy
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new opening in kidney to out of body
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pyel/o
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renal pelvis
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pyelolithitomy
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incision of ureter/renal pelvis to remove stone
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pyelogram
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x-ray/record of renal pelvis
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ren/o
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kidney
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renal ischemia
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pertaining of kidneys of holding back blood flow
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renal colic
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pertaining to spasms of pain in kidney
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trigon/o
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trigone, region of the bladder
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trigonitis
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inflammed trigone
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ureter/o
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ureter
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ureteroplasty
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surgical repair of ureter
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ureterolithotomy
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incision of ureter to remove stone
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ureteroileostomy
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an anastomisis, new opening or connection between ureter and ileum
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urethr/o
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urethra
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urethritis
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inflammed urethra
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urethroplasty
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surgical repair of urethra
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urethral stricture
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abnormal narrowing of of opening of urethra
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vesic/o
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urinary bladder
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perivesical*
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pertaining to around urinary bladder
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vesicourethral reflux
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pertaining to backflow of urine from urinary bladder and ureter
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albumin/o
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albumin, protein in blood
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albuminuria
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urine condition of albumin
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-uria
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urine condition
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azot/o
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nitrogen
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azotemia
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blood condition of nitrogen, characteristic of uremia
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bacteri/o
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bacteria
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bacteriuria
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urine condition of bacteria, sign of UTI
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dips/o
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thirst
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polydipsia
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condition of increased thirst, sign of both diabetes
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ket/o, keton/o
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ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone, type of protein)
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ketosis
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condition of ketone bodies in blood
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ketonuria
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urine condition of ketone bodies in urine
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lith/o
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stone
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nephrolithiasis
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abnormal condition of kidney stones
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noct/o
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night
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nocturia
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urine condition at night, excessive condition of urine at night
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oliguria
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urine condition of scanty
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olig/o
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scanty
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-poietin
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substance that forms
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erythropoietin
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substance that forms RBC, hormone secreted by kidney
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py/o
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pus
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pyuria
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pus in urine
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-tripsy
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to crush
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litotripsy
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process of crushing stone (in urinary tract)
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ur/o
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urine, urea
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uremia
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blood condition of urine
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enuresis
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condition of being in urine, bedwetting
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diuresis
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condition of excess urination
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antidiuretic
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hormone made in pituitary gland and reabsorbs water from renal tubules
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urin/o
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urine
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urinary incontinence
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pertaining to inability to hold urine in body
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urinary retention
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urine held back in bladder
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dysuria
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difficult urination
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anuria
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no urination
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hematuria
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urine condition of blood
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glycosuria
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urine condition of sugar
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polyuria
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excessive urination
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wilms tumor
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malignant tumor of kidney in children
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Flow of urine
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bloodstream-> glomerulus-> bowmans capsule->renal tubule-> renal pelvis-> ureter-> bladder-> urethra-> urinary meatus
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if blood pressure drops?
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ur not going to pee
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pyelonephritis
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inflammed renal pelvis and renal medulla
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renal hypertension
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high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
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sediment
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abnormal particles present in urine
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pH
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urine test reflecting acidity or alkalinity of urine
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bilirubinemia
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dark pigment accumulating in urine as result of liver disease
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essential hypertesnion
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high blood pressure that is idiopathic
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2ndary hypertension
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high blood pressure caused by kidney disease
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catheter
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tube for withdrawing or giving fluid
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abcess
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collection of pus
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edema
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swelling fluid in tissues
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<diabetes insipidus>
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inadequate secretion of ADH
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BUN
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blood, urea, and nitrogen
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C&S
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culture and sensitivity test
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Na+
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sodium electrolyte
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cysto
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cytoscopic examination
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MRI
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magnetic resonance imaging
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Hemodialysis
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artificial kidney machine filtering blood
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CAPD
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continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
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