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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Three Ketone Bodies |
Acetone Acetoacetate Beta-Hydroxybutyrate |
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Structure of Acetone |
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Structure of Acetoacetate |
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Structure of Beta-Hydroxybutyrate |
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Step 1 |
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Step 2 |
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Step 3 |
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Step 4 |
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Acyl vs Acetyl |
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Pathway of Acetone to Lungs |
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How is acetone formed? |
Spontaneous decarboxylation of Acetoacetate |
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Which ketone body is least common in the body? |
Acetone.
It is highly volatile, consequently it is produced in very small quantities.
It cannot be converted back to Acetyl-CoA so it is excreted in urine and lungs. |
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What is responsible for fruity breath of a person in Ketosis? |
Acetone. |
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How much ATP is produced from a single cycle of Beta-Oxidation? |
5 ATP per cycle |
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Which organ cannot breakdown Ketone Bodies? |
The Liver! |
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What enzyme is responsible for oxidizing Acetoacetate to Acetoacetyl-CoA? |
Succinyl CoA-acetoacetate CoA Transferase |
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Which is bigger, Acyl-CoA or Acetyl-CoA? |
Acyl-CoA is bigger. |
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What enzyme is responsible for regulating the entry of long chain fatty acids into the Mitochondria? |
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) |
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CPT-1 activity... |
Low in fed state (decreased FA oxidation) High in starvation (increases FA oxidation) |
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What regulates CPT-1? |
Malonyl CoA |
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What enzyme forms Malonyl CoA and from what? |
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase forms Malonyl CoA. It is formed from Acetyl-CoA during the fed state. |
