Ch. 16 - Glycogen

Front 1

3 Enzymes of Glycogen Breakdown

(Glycogenolysis)

Back 1

1. Glycogen Phosphorylase

2. Glycogen Debranching Enzyme

3. Phosphoglucomutase

Front 2

Glycogen Phosphorylase

Back 2

Catalyzes glycogen phosphorolysis to yield G1P.

Only releases glucose unit if it is at least five units away from a branch point.

Front 3

Glycogen Debranching Enzyme

Back 3

Removes glycogen's branches, thereby making additional glucose residues accessible to glycogen phosphorylase.

Front 4

Phosphoglucomutase

Back 4

Converts G1P to G6P, which has several metabolic fates.

Front 5

Conformational Changes and AMP

Back 5

AMP promotes phosphorylase's T (inactive) shape to change into the R (active) conformation. L

Front 6

What happens when body needs glucose from Liver?

Back 6

Gluscose-6-Phosphatase can convert G6P to regular glucose where it can exit the cell and enter the bloodstream for other bodily tissues to use.

This happens inside Liver cell E.R.

Front 7

3 Enzymes which regulate Glycogen Phosphorylase

Back 7

1. Phosphorylase Kinase

2. Protein Kinase A (PKA)

3. Phosphoprotein Phosphatase-1 (PP1)

Front 8

Phosphorylase Kinase

Back 8

Responsible for phosphorylating the Ser-14 of Glycogen Phosphorylase B.

Front 9

Protein Kinase A (PKA)

Back 9

Phosphorylates and activates Phosphorylase Kinase.

Front 10

Phosphoprotein Phosphatase-1 (PP1)

Back 10

Dephosphorylates, thereby inactivating, both Glycogen Phosphorylase A and Phosphorylase Kinase.

Front 11

How else is Phosphorylase Kinase activated besides by phosphorylation?

Back 11

Phosphorylase Kinase can be allosterically activated by Ca+2