Ch. 15 - Glycolysis

Front 1

Step 1

Back 1

Glucose

Front 2

Step 2

Back 2

G6P

Front 3

Step 3

Back 3

F6P

Front 4

Step 4

Back 4

FBP

Front 5

Step 5

Back 5

GAP + DHAP

Front 6

Step 6

Back 6

1,3 - BPG

Front 7

Step 7

Back 7

3PG

Front 8

Step 8

Back 8

2PG

Front 9

Step 9

Back 9

PEP

Front 10

Step 10

Back 10

Pyruvate

Front 11

Step 1

Back 11

Front 12

Step 2

Back 12

Front 13

Step 3

Back 13

Front 14

Step 4

Back 14

Front 15

Step 5

Back 15

Front 16

Step 6

Back 16

Front 17

Step 7

Back 17

Front 18

Step 8

Back 18

Front 19

Step 9

Back 19

Front 20

Step 10

Back 20

Front 21

Glucose

Back 21

Front 22

G6P

Back 22

Front 23

F6P

Back 23

Front 24

FBP

Back 24

Front 25

GAP + DHAP

Back 25

Front 26

1,3 - BPG

Back 26

Front 27

3PG

Back 27

Front 28

2PG

Back 28

Front 29

PEP

Back 29

Front 30

Pyruvate

Back 30

Front 31

Number of Steps in in Glycolysis?

Back 31

10

Front 32

Number of Rxn. in Glycolysis?

Back 32

10

Front 33

Between which stages have two reactions?

Back 33

Between 5 and 6.

Front 34

Enzyme of Rxn. 1

Back 34

Hexokinase

Mg+2

(Phosphorylation)

Front 35

Enzyme of Rxn. 2

Back 35

Phosphoglucose Isomerase (PGI)

(Isomerization)

Front 36

Enzyme of Rxn. 3

Back 36

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

Mg+2

(Phosphorylation)

Front 37

Enzyme of Rxn. 4

Back 37

Aldolase

(Carbon-Carbon bond cleavage)

Front 38

Enzymes of Rxn. 5 and 6

Back 38

Triose Phosphate Isomerase (TIM)

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH)

(Oxidation-Reduxtion)

Front 39

Enzyme of Rxn. 7

Back 39

Phosphoglycerate Kinase (PGK)

Mg+2

(Phosphorylation)

Front 40

Enzyme of Rxn. 8

Back 40

Phosphoglycerate Mutate (PGM)

(Isomerization)

Front 41

Enzyme of Rxn. 9

Back 41

Enolase

Mg+2

(Dehydration)

Front 42

Enzyme of Rxn. 10

Back 42

Pyruvate Kinase

Mg+2

K+

(Phosphorylation)

Front 43

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 1

Back 43

Phosphorylation

Front 44

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 2

Back 44

Isomerization

Front 45

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 3

Back 45

Phosphorylation

Front 46

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 4

Back 46

Carbon-Carbon bond Cleavage

Front 47

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 5

Back 47

Isomerization

Front 48

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 6

Back 48

Oxidation-Reduction

Front 49

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 7

Back 49

Phosphorylation

Front 50

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 8

Back 50

Isomerization

Front 51

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 9

Back 51

Dehydration

Front 52

Type of Rxn. of Rxn. 10

Back 52

Phosphorylation

Front 53

Glycolysis vs Gluconeogenesis

Back 53

Glycolysis breaks Glucose down whereas Gluconeogenesis forms glucose.

Front 54

Similarities and Differences if Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

Back 54

The only difference is reaction steps are Glycolysis steps 1,3, and 10. Which in turn are steps 1, 8, and 10.

Front 55

Glycolysis Step 1 vs Gluconeogenesis Step 10

Back 55

Step 1 of glycolysis involves Hexokinase transforming Glucose into G6P.

Step 10 in Gluconeogenesis involves Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) transforming G6P into Glucose.

Front 56

Glycolysis Step 3 vs Gluconeogenesis Step 8

Back 56

Step 3 of Glycolysis involves PFK transforming F6P into FBP.

Step 8 of Gluconeogenesis involves FBPase transforming FBP into F6P.

Front 57

Energy source for Steps 10 and 8 of Gluconeogenesis...

Back 57

Whereas Steps 1 and 3 of Glycolysis use ATP to phosphorylate their substrates, Steps 10 and 8 of Gluconeogenesis use Water (H20) to dephosphorylate their substrates.

Front 58

Glycolysis step 10 vs Gluconeogenesis Step 1

Back 58

Step 10 on Glycolysis uses Pyruvate Kinase to transform PEP to Pyruvate where as Step 1 in Gluconeogenesis is comprised of two enzymes, Pyruvate Carboxylase, and PEPCK.

Front 59

The 2 enzymes of Step 1 Gluconeogenesis

Back 59

Pyruvate Carboxylase and PEPCK

Front 60

Step 1 Gluconeogenesis: Pyruvate Carboxylase

Back 60

Converts Pyruvate to Oxaloacetate.

Energy source is ATP.

By products are ADP and Pi.

Front 61

Step 1 Gluconeogenesis: PEPCK

Back 61

Converts Oxaloacetate to PEP.

Energy source is GTP.

By products are CO2 and GDP.

Front 62

Importance if Oxaloacetate

Back 62

Any by product of Glycolysis, intermediates if the Krebs Cycle, and carbon skeletons of amino acids can be converted back to glucose, but first THEY MUST be converted to Oxaloacetate first.