Ch 1 Introduction To Interpersonal Communication

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Other-Oriented

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To be aware of the thoughts, needs, experiences, personality, emotions, motives, desires, culture, and goals of your communication

partner while still maintaining our own

integrity

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Interpersonal Communication relates to two broader categories

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communication and human communication

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Communication

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process of acting on information

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EX of communication: Someone does or says something

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and others think or do something in response to the action or the words as they understand them

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Human Communication

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process of making sense out of the world and sharing that sense with others by creating meaning through the use of verbal and nonverbal messages

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EX of human communication: We learn about the world by

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listening, observing, tasting, touching, and smelling then we share our conclusions with others

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Interpersonal Communication

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when you treat the other person as a unique human being

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Impersonal Communication

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when you treat others as objects or respond to their roles rather than who they are as unique persons

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Communication consists of 2 different qualities of relationships

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I-It and I-Thou

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I-It Relationship

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an impersonal relationship

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I-Thou Relationship

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an interpersonal relationship

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Mass Communication

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process when 1 person issues the same message to many people at once

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The creator of the mass communication message

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is usually not physically present and listeners have virtually no opportunity to respond immediately to the speaker

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Public Communication

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occurs when a speaker addresses and audience in person

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Small Group Communication

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occurs when a group from 3 to 5 people meet to interact with a common purpose and mutually influence one another

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Intrapersonal Communication

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is communication with yourself

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Relationship

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a connection established when you communicate with another person

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The most basic components of communication include these elements

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source, message, channel, receiver, noise, feedback, and context

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Source

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originator of a thought or emotion who puts it into a code that can be understood by a receiver

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Message

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written, spoken, and unspoken elements of communication to which people assign meaning

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Channel

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pathway through which message was sent

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Receiver

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person who decodes a message and attempts to make sense of what the source has encoded

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Noise

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anything literal or psychological that interferes with accurate reception of a message

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Feedback

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response to a message

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Context

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physical and psychological environment for communication

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3 models of the communication process

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communication as an action: message transfer

communication as interaction: message exchange

communication as transaction: message creation

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Human Communication as action: message transfer

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communication takes place when a message is sent and received

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Human Communication as interaction: message exchange

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feedback as a response to a message sent by the communication source and context as the environment for communication

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Human Communication as transaction: message creation

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each element influences all the other elements in the process at the same time

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Systems Theory

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theory that describes the interconnected elements of a system in which a change in 1 element affects all the other elements

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Key elements of a system

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inputs

throughputs

outputs

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5 interpersonal communication principles

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irreversible

complicated

governed by rules

content dimensions

relationship dimensions

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Episode

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sequence of interactions between individuals during which the message of one person influences the message of another

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Whenever you communicate with another person at least 6 people are actually involved

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Who you thing you are

who you think the other person is

who you think the other person thinks you are

who the other person think he or she is

who the other person thinks you are

who the other person thinks you think he or she is

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Symbol

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word, sound or visual image that represents something else, such as thought, concept, or object

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Explicit Rules

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clearly shown or written rules

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Implicit Rules

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implied theater than written or shown

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The rules of interpersonal relationships

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are mutually defined and agreed upon

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Content Dimension

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ideas or suggested action that a speaker wishes to share

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Relationship Dimension

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of a communication message offers cues about the emotions, attitudes, and amount of power and control the speaker feels with regards to the other person

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Metacommunication

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nonverbal or verbal of how we communicate about our communication

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Electronically Mediated Communication

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communication that is not face to face but sent through technology

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Hypersonal Relationships

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a relationship formed primarily through electronically mediated communication that becomes more personal than equivalent face to face relationship because of the absence of distracting external cues, smaller amounts of personal info, and idealization of the communication partner

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6 differences between EMC and FTF communication

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time

varying degrees of anonymity

potential for deception

availability of the nonverbal cues

role of written word

distance

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Asynchronous Messages

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a message that isn't read, heard, or seen exactly when sent, there is time delay between the sending of the message and it receipt

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Synchronous Message

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a message that is sent and received simultaneously

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Social Presence

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the feeling that communicators have of engaging in unmediated face to face interactions even though messages are being sent electronically

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3 theories to explain and predict how EMC works

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Cues filtered out theory

media richness theory

social information processing theory

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Cues Filtered Out Theory

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suggests that communication of emotions is restricted when people send messages to others via text messages because nonverbal cues such as facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice are filtered out

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Media Richness Theory identifies the richness of a communication medium based on

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the amount of feedback it allows

the number of cues receivers can interpret

the variety of language it allows

the potential for emotional expression

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Social Information Processing Theory

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suggests people can communicate relational and emotional messages via the internet although such messages take longer to express with nonverbal cues

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2 part strategy to become a more competent communicator

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become knowledgeable, skilled, and motivated

become other oriented

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Egocentric Communicator

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person who creates a message without giving much thought to the person who is listening