Biology 12 Nervous System

Front 1

Dendrite

Back 1

Before cell body and carried message towards cell body

Front 2

Axon

Back 2

After cell body carries messages away

Front 3

Sensory neuron

Back 3

Takes msg from receptor to CNS, long dendrite and short axon

Front 4

Motor neuron

Back 4

Takes msg away from CNS to effectors, short dendrite long axon

Front 5

Intermeuron

Back 5

Found only in CNS (brain/spinal cord)

Front 6

Nerve impulse transmission

Back 6

How impulse moves along neuron, when threshold energy is reached neuron fires all or nothing response

Front 7

All or nothing response

Back 7

When nerve responds to stimulus independent of strength of stimulus

Front 8

Resting potential

Back 8

Na outside k inside through pumps (active transport), outside + inside -

Front 9

De polarization (action potential)

Back 9

Na flows in through gates, inside + outside -

Front 10

Repolarization (action potential)

Back 10

K+ flows out of neuron through k gates, inside - outside +

Front 11

Refractory period

Back 11

Na/k pump return na+ to outside and k+ to inside (active transport)

Front 12

Synapse (end of axon)

Back 12

Ca2+ release, contractor proteins attached to vesicles contract, vesicles pulled towards members, vesicles release NTs by exocytosis(active), NT diffuse across synapse, NT stimulate receptors on dendrite, enzymes are released to neutralize NTs

Front 13

Sympathetic nervous system

Back 13

NTs release adrenaline that is broke down by monamine oxidase

Front 14

Parasympathetic nervous system

Back 14

Acetylcholine is broken down by acetycholinesterase

Front 15

Soltatory Conduction

Back 15

Produces myelin sheath to insulate neuron, depolarization only occurs at nodes of ranvier, increase impulse speed

Front 16

Reflex arc

Back 16

Quick involuntary response that doesnt get processed by brain, receptor starts response, sensory neuron takes message to CNS, only one interneuron which makes impulse travel quickly, motor neuron takes impulse away from CNS to effector

Front 17

Medulla oblongata

Back 17

Controls heartrate, breathing, swallowing

Front 18

Thalamus

Back 18

Relay station for sensory input, decides what's important

Front 19

Cerebellum

Back 19

Muscular coordination

Front 20

Corpus collosum

Back 20

Connects two hemispheres

Front 21

Hypothalamus

Back 21

Neuro endocrine control, controls pituitary

Front 22

Cerebrum

Back 22

High thinking and consciousness

Front 23

Frontal cerebrum

Back 23

Voluntary muscle movement and problems solving

Front 24

Periatal

Back 24

Pain and temp

Front 25

Temperal

Back 25

Hearing, smelling, musical memories

Front 26

Ocipital

Back 26

Vision combined with other senses

Front 27

Neuroendocrine control

Back 27

Hypothalamus controls hormones, control of adrenaline, nerve runs directly from hypothalamus to adrenal medulla, stimulated by fight or flight response