Anthropology Ch. 7

Front 1

kinship

Back 1

culturally defined relationship established on the basis of blood ties or through marriage

Front 2

kinship system

Back 2

totality of kin relations, kin groups, and terms for classifying kin in a society

Front 3

kinship terminology

Back 3

words used to identify different categories of kin in a particular culture

Front 4

descent

Back 4

culturally established affiliation between a child and one or both parents

Front 5

descent group

Back 5

group of kin who are descendants of a common ancestor, extending beyond 2 generations

Front 6

consanguineal kin

Back 6

relatives by blood

Front 7

unilineal descent

Back 7

descent group membership based on links through either the maternal or paternal line, but not both

Front 8

patrilineal descent

Back 8

a rules that affiliates a person to kin of both sexes through males only

Front 9

matrilineal descent

Back 9

a rules that affiliates a person to kin of both sexes through females only

Front 10

bilateral descent

Back 10

system of descent under which individuals are equally affiliated with the mothers' and their fathers' descent group

Front 11

patrilineage

Back 11

a lineage formed by descent in the male line

Front 12

matrilineage

Back 12

a lineage formed by descent in the female line

Front 13

lineage

Back 13

a group of whose members trace descent from a known common ancestor

Front 14

clan

Back 14

a unilineal kinship group whose members believe themselves to be descended from a common ancestor but who cannot trace this link through known relatives

Front 15

exogamy

Back 15

rule specifying that a person must marry outside a particular group

Front 16

segmentary lineage system

Back 16

a form of sociopolitical organization in which multiple descent groups (usually patrilineages) form at different levels and function in different contexts

Front 17

patrilocal (residence)

Back 17

a system of residence in which a bride and her children live with her husband's family after marriage

Front 18

matrilocal (residence)

Back 18

a system of residence in which a husband lives with or near his wife's kin after marriage

Front 19

double descent

Back 19

the tracing of descent through both matrilineal and patrilineal links, each of which is used for different purposes

Front 20

nonunilineal descent

Back 20

system of descent in which both the father's and the mother's lineages have equal claim to the individual

Front 21

bilateral descent

Back 21

system of descent under which individuals are equally affiliated with their mothers' and their fathers' descent group

Front 22

kindred

Back 22

a unique kin network made up of all the people related to a specific individual in a bilateral kinship system

Front 23

ambilineal descent

Back 23

a form of bilateral descent in which an individual may choose to affiliate with either the father's or the mother's descent group

Front 24

lineal kin

Back 24

kin related in a single, unbroken line, such as grandfather-father-son

Front 25

collateral kin

Back 25

kin descended from a common ancestor but not in a direct ascendant or descendent line; such as siblings or cousins

Front 26

affinal kin

Back 26

relatives by marriage; in-laws

Front 27

bifurcation

Back 27

a principle of classifying kin under which different kinship terms are used for the mother's side of the family and the father's side of the family

Front 28

parallel cousins

Back 28

the children of a parent's same-sex siblings

Front 29

cross-cousins

Back 29

the children of a parent's sibling of the opposite sex

Front 30

transnationalism

Back 30

the pattern of close ties and frequent visits by immigrants to their home countries

Front 31

transmigrant

Back 31

immigrants who maintain close relations with their home countries