Anatomy Of The Human Body

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ANATOMY

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The study of the body's structures and their relationship

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GROSS ANATOMY

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Study of structures that can be examined with the naked eye

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PHYSIOLOGY

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The study of funtions (processes) of living things

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CYTOLOGY

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The study of cells

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HISTOLOGY

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The study of tissues

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THE 6 LEVELS of STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION of the HUMAN BODY

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1

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MEDIAL

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1. Chemical

2. Cell

3. Tissue

4. Organ

5. Organ System

6. Organism

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LATERAL

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2

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PROXIMAL

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3

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DISTAL

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4

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ANTERIOR

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1

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POSTERIOR

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1

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SUPERIOR

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INFERIOR

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EXTERNAL

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INTERNAL

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SUPERFICIAL

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DEEP

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VENTRAL

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DORSAL

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CRANIAL

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CAUDAL

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PALMER

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1

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PLANTAR

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1

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IPSILATERAL

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BILATERAL

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1

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CONTRALATERAL

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1

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TRANSVERSE (CROSS)

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1

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SAGITTAL

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1

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MID-SAGITTAL

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FRONTAL (CORONAL)

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1

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CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE

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1

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SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY

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membranes that allow only certain substances to pass through it.

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DIFFUSION

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The movement of solutes from a higher concentration to a lower concentration ( concentration gradient)

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OSMOSIS

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The diffusion of water (solvent) across a selectively permeable membrane

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SOLUTE

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A solution containing one or more substances

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SOLVENT

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A liquid or gas used for dissolving other substances

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OSMOTIC PRESSURE

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The force required to prevent water from moving by osmosis across a selectively permeable membrane

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MILLIOSMOLE

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a unit of measurement that defines the number of moles of solute that contribute to the osmotic pressure of a solution

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FACILITATED DIFUSSION

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A carrier-mediated/ channel-mediated passive membrane transport process that moves substances in/ out of cells through the concetration gradient

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FILTRATION

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Removing impurities/ solid particles from a liquid/ gas passed through it

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ACTIVE TRANSFER

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mediated transport process that requires energy (ATP)

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Na+/K+ PUMP

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1

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ENDOCYTOSIS

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The uptake of material through the plasma membrane by the formation of a vesicle

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PHAGOCYTOSIS

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" cell eating"

phagocytic vesicles surrounding and ingesting solid particles

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EXOCYTOSIS

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secretory vesicles that move through the plasma membrane, fusing with the cell membrane, and expelling contents from the cell

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TONICITY

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Shape of an object (cell) remaining constant; maintaning its internal tension/ tone

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RBC HYPERTONIC

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RBC HYPOTONIC

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RBC ISOTONIC

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HOMEOSTASIS

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The tendency towards a relaticely stable equilibrium; maintaning equilibrium

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NEGATIVE FEEDBACK

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A response to the original stimulus resulting in deviation from the set point, becoming smaller

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POSITIVE FEEDBACK

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A response to the original stimulus resulting in deviation from a set point, becoming even greater

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4 MAJOR TYPES OF BODY TISSUES

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1. Epithelial

2. Connective

3. Muscular

4. Nervous

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CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER (C.T.)

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CARTILAGE (C.T.)

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BONE (C.T.)

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BLOOD (C.T.)

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