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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Britain sent customs ships to patrol North American waters in order to intercept smugglers. In 1772 the British customs ship, the ______, ran aground and was seized by colonists and burned. The British took suspects to England for trial. Colonists felt this was a violation of their right to a trial by a jury of their peers
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Gaspee
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Thomas Jefferson thought each colony should create a _________ __ ______________ to communicate with other colonies about British activities. This helped unify the colonies and coordinate plans for British resistance
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committee of correspondence
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England’s new prime minister, Lord North, helped the _______ ____ _____ _______, which was almost bankrupt. To assist the company with tea sales, Parliament passed the ___ ___ of 1773, which made East India’s tea cheaper than smuggled Dutch tea
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British East India Company; Tea Act
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American merchants feared it was the first step by the British to force them out of business. In December 1773, tea ships from the East India Company arrived in Boston Harbor. Colonists boarded the ship and dumped the tea into the harbor. This became known as the ______ ___ _____
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Boston Tea Party
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The Boston Tea Party led to the British passing four new laws called the ________ ____. These acts were an attempt to stop colonial challenges of British authority.
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Coercive Acts
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The ________ ____ violated several English rights, including the right to trial by a jury of one’s peers and the right not to have troops quartered in one’s home.
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Coercive Acts
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The ______ ___ gave more territory to Quebec and stated that a governor and council appointed by the king would run Quebec. This further angered the colonists because if they moved west, they would be living in territory with no elected assembly. The Coercive Acts and the Quebec Act became known as the ___________ ____
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Quebec Act; Intolerable Acts
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The _____ ___________ ________ met in Philadelphia in 1774
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First Continental Congress
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The congress wrote the ___________ __ ______ ___ __________, which expressed loyalty to the king but condemned the Coercive Acts and announced that the colonies were forming a nonimportation association
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Declaration of Rights and Grievances
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The delegates also approved the __________ ___________, a plan for every county and town to form committees to enforce a boycott of British goods.
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Continental Association
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In the summer and fall of 1774, the British officials lost control of the colonies as the colonists created provincial congresses and militias raided military depots for ammunition and gunpowder. The town of Concord created a special unit of _________, trained and ready to fight the British at a minute’s warning
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minutemen
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The American Revolution was not just a war between Americans and British but a war between _________ and ________
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Loyalists and Patriots
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Americans called _________, or ______, remained loyal to the king and felt British laws should be upheld
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Loyalists; Tories
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The ________, or _____, thought the British were tyrants
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Patriots; Whigs
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On April 18, 1775, British General Gage and his troops set out to seize the militia’s supply depot at Concord. To get there, they had to pass through Lexington. Patriots ____ ______ and _______ ________ were sent to Lexington to warn the people that the British were coming. __ ______ ________ went on to warn the people of Concord. When the British arrived in Lexington, about 70 minutemen were waiting for them. The British fired at the minutemen, killing 8 and wounding 10
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Paul Revere and William Dawes; Dr. Samuel Prescott
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After the battles at Lexington and Concord, the ______ _________ ________ met in Philadelphia to address the issue of defense. The Congress voted to adopt the militia army around Boston and named it the ___________ ____. On June 15, 1775, Congress appointed ______ __________ to head the Continental Army.
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Second Continental Congress; Continental Army; George Washington
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The ______ __ _______ ____ resulted in turning back two British advances. The colonial militia only retreated due to a lack of _________. It was a huge boost to American confidence that the untrained colonials could stand up to the feared British army. The situation reached a stalemate with the British trapped in Boston surrounded by militia
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Battle at Bunker Hill; ammunition
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In July 1775, the Continental Congress sent a document known as the _____ ______ ________ to the king.
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Olive Branch Petition
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stated that the colonies were still loyal to King George III and asked the king to call off the army while a compromise could be made
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Olive Branch Petition
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At the same time, radicals in Congress had ordered an attack on the British troops in ______. This convinced the British that there was no hope of reconciliation. ____ ______ refused to look at the Olive Branch Petition
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Quebec; King George
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Two Loyalist armies were organized to assist the British troops in ________. One was composed of all white loyalists, the other of enslaved Africans. The Africans were promised _______ if they fought for the Loyalist cause. Southern planters, fearing they would loose their lands and labor force, wanted the colonies to declare independence.
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Virginia; freedom
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In December 1775, the king shut down trade with the colonies and ordered the British navy to blockade the coast. The British began recruiting mercenaries from _______
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Germany
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In January 1776, the persuasive pamphlet called ______ _____, by ______ _____ caused many colonists to call for independence from Britain
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Common Sense, by Thomas Paine
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On July 4, 1776, a committee of Patriot leaders approved a document written by Thomas Jefferson that became known as the ___________ __ __________. The American Revolution had begun.
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Declaration of Independence
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