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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemical bonds
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an attractions between two atoms, resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons of the presence of opposite charges on the atoms. The bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells.
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Covalent Bonds
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A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons.
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Molecule
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Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
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Single bond
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A single covalent bond; the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.
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Structual formula
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A type of molecular notation in which the constituent atoms are joined by lines representing covalent bonds
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Molecular fortmula
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A type of molecular notation representing the quantity of constituent atoms, but not the nature of the bond which bonds them.
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Double bond
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A couble covalent bond; the sharing of the pairs of valence electrons
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Valence
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The bonding capacity of a given atom usually equals the number of unpaired electrons required to complete the atoms outermost shell.
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Nonpolar covalent bond
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A type of covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar electronegativity.
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Polar Covalent Bond
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A covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. The shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom, making it slightly negative, and the atom sligthly positive.
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Ion
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An atom or group of toms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, thus acquring a charge
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Cation
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A positively charged ion
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Anion
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A negatively charged ion
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Ionic bond
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The attraction between oppositely charged ions
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Ionic compounds
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A compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond, also called a salt
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Salts
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A compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond; also called an ionic compound
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Hydrogen bond
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A type of weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to a slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule.
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Vander Waals interactions
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Weak attractions between weak molecules or parts of molecules that result from localized charge fluctuations.
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