Wrist And Hand Anatomy

Front 1

What are the muscle bellies of the thenar and hypothenar muscles known as?

Back 1

Front 2

What are the muscles of the hypothenar eminence?

Back 2

Abductor digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi

Opponens digiti minimi

Front 3

Which muscles of the hand does the ulnar n. supply motor output?

Back 3

Hypothenar muscles

Medial two lumbricals

Adductor pollicis

Interossei of the hand

Front 4

All the intrinsic muscles of the hand are innervated by the ulnar n. apart from .......

Back 4

Lateral two lumbricals

Opponens pollicis

Abductor policis brevis

Flexor pollicis brevis

Front 5

Which muscles of the hand does the median n. supply motor output?

Back 5

Thenar muscles

Lateral two lumbricals

Front 6

What sign is commonly seen in patients with radial n. damage?

Back 6

Wrist drop

Front 7

What sign is seen in the hand if the median n. was damaged?

Back 7

Muscle wasting in the thenar eminence

Front 8

What sign is commonly seen in patients with ulnar n. damage?

Back 8

Ulnar claw

Front 9

How is the blood supply to scaphoid unique and what problems can this cause upon fracture?

Back 9

Nutrient arteries only enter through the distal end of the bone ∴ if fx is at the 'waist' of scaphoid, blood supply is cut off to the proximal pole → avascular necrosis

Front 10

What structures form the carpal tunnel?

Back 10

Flexor retinaculum (roof)

Carpal bones (forming a concavity)

Front 11

What is contained in the carpal tunnel?

Back 11

8 tendons of FDS & FDP

The tendon of flexor pollicis longus

Median n.

Front 12

Which spinal never root supplies the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

Back 12

T1

Front 13

Why are the lumbricals crucial to finger movement?

Back 13

They link the extensor tendons to the flexor tendons

Front 14

Where do the lumbricals originate from?

Back 14

Each lumbrical originates from a tendon of flexor digitorum profundus

Front 15

How does the structure of lumbricals I & II differ from III & IV?

Back 15

I & II = unipennate

III & IV = bipennate

(pennate = feather-like)

Front 16

Where are the interossei muscles located?

Back 16

Located between the metacarpals

Front 17

How many dorsal and palmar interossei muscles are there?

Back 17

3 on the P and 4 on the Dor

Front 18

What muscle action do the dorsal interossei produce?

Back 18

Abduction

remember DAB

Front 19

What muscle action do the palmar interossei produce?

Back 19

Adduction

remember PAD

Front 20

What do the radial a. and ulnar a. form when they reach the hand?

Back 20

Each artery gives off a minor branch which anastomoses with the major branch of the opposite artery to form the superficial (major=ulnar) and deep (major=radial) palmar arch

Front 21

What parts of the hand does the radial a. mainly supply?

Back 21

Contributes mainly to supply of the thumb and the lateral side of the index finger

Front 22

What parts of the hand does the ulnar a. mainly supply?

Back 22

Contributes mainly to the supply of the medial three digits and the medial side of the index finger

Front 23

What is Allen's test?

Back 23

Assesses whether there is adequate or abnormal circulation in the hand via the superficial and palmar arches.

Front 24

What two structures sandwich the superficial palmar arch?

Back 24

Deep to the palmar aponeurosis

Superficial to the flexor tendons

Front 25

Describe the hand in terms of the area that the ulnar, radial and medial nerves receive sensory input.

Back 25

Front 26

What tendons create the anatomical snuffbox?

Back 26

Front 27

What bone can be palpated in the anatomical sunffbox?

Back 27

Scaphoid

Front 28

What movement of the thumb is this?

Back 28

Abduction

Front 29

What movement of the thumb is this?

Back 29

Flexion

Front 30

What is skier's thumb?

Back 30

Front 31

What muscles lie in the web spaces of the hand?

Back 31

Palmar & Dorsal Interossei

Front 32

If you bring your thumb to lie alongside your index finger what muscle forms the bulge next to your thumb and what is this muscle important for?

Back 32

1st dorsal interosseus

Important for the pincer grip of thumb and index

Front 33

What muscle attaches to the radial styloid?

Back 33

Brachioradialis

Front 34

What bony prominence of the radius does EPL skirt around

Back 34

Lister's tubercle

Front 35

The flexor retinaculum runs between what structures?

Back 35

Pisiform and the tubercle of the scaphoid

Front 36

Which tendon inserts into the pisiform bone?

Back 36

FCU

Front 37

What structures lie deep to the tendon of FCU?

Back 37

Ulnar n. and a.

Front 38

What lies deep to the tendon of palmaris longus?

Back 38

Median n.

Front 39

What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand from lateral to medial?

Back 39

All for one and one for all

Abductor pollicis brevis

flexor pollicis brevis

opponens pollicis

adductor pollicis

opponens digiti minimi

flexor digiti minimi

abductor digiti minimi