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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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small N designs |
Some researchers prefer to use _____ _ _______, which test only one or a very few subjects. |
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large N |
Some researchers argue that _____ _ designs lack precision because they pool, or combine, the data from many different subjects to reach conclusions about the effects of IV. |
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Baseline |
A typical small N experiment begins with observing and recording the subjects behavior under the control condition (before the IV is introduced) which is called the ________. |
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External validity |
To increase ________ ________, small N experiments should be replicated. |
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ABA design |
Most small N studies use some form of reversal, or ___ ______ which refers to the order of the treatment conditions. |
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AB design |
In a case where the researcher would not want to remove treatment, __ ______ is used, even though without reversal it cannot be shown that the treatment caused the change in behavior. |
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ABAB design |
This is fairly common in behavior therapy research; it can be more convincing than an AB or ABA design and has the benefit of leaving an efficacious treatment in place. |
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Multiple baseline design |
Researchers can sometimes use this when it is not desirable to reverse a treatment, which is very useful for testing a treatment on several behaviors or in different settings and for testing the same treatment on a few different individuals. |
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Changing criterion design |
In this design, behavior will be modified in increments and the criterion for success will change as the behavior is modified. |
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Discrete trials design |
This design does not use baselines, but instead relies on averaging responses across many, many trials to obtain a stable picture of effects of the experimental manipulation. |
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small N design |
This can be used to study the behavior of a single individual in depth, or it can be used when subjects are scarce. |
