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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the definition of a organ? |
a collection of different tissues working together to carry out a specific function. |
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what is the definition of a organ system? |
a group of organs that work together to carry out a specific function and form organisms. |
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what id the definition of tissue? |
a group of specialised cells with a similar structure and function. |
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what type of animal tissue contracts bringing about movement? |
muscular tissue. |
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Name the 4 major plant organs |
Roots/leaves/steam/flower |
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What are the names of the two transport tissues in plants |
Xylem and Phloem |
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what is cardiovascular disease? |
any disease that involves the heart blood vessels. |
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what are the three main types of blood vessels? |
arteries, veins and capillaries. |
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which type of blood vessels carries blood away from the heart? |
Arteries. |
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Which blood vessel has a small lumen and a thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres |
Artery |
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What can be used to correct irregularities in the heart rhythm |
Artificial pacemakers |
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What is the network of tiny vessels linking arteries to veins called |
Capillaries |
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Which blood vessel has a thin wall which allows for diffusion of gases |
Capillary |
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What does the natural pacemaker do? |
Controls a group of cells in the right atrium that controls the resting heart rate |
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What does the Vena cava do |
It carries deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart |
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What does the pulmonary artery do |
It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs |
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What does the pulmonary vein do |
It carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart |
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what does the heart do? |
it pumps blood around the body. |
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What does the aorta do |
It take oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body |
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what does plasma do? |
it transports blood cells and other substance around the body. |
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what is the name of the fluid part of the blood? |
plasma |
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which part of the blood consists of small fragment of blood cells that help with clotting? |
platelets |
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What are the bi-concave cells that contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen around the body |
Red blood cells |
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What can be used to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood |
Statins |
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What major blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart |
The aorta |
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Name the 3 parts of the human circulatory system |
The blood, blood vessels and the heart |
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What does the trachea branch into |
The bronchi |
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What is a double circulatory system |
The circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs Is separate from the circulation of the heart to the rest of the body |
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Which chamber of the heart does oxygenated blood flow into |
The left ventricle |
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Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs? |
The pulmonary artery |
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which bones protect your lungs? |
the ribs |
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what is the name of the long tube that takes air down into the lungs? |
the trachea |
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which blood vessels have valves and carry deoxygentated blood back to the heart? |
the veins |
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which major blood vessel carries deoxygentated blood back to the heart? |
the vena cava |
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what do wight blood cells do? |
they engulf pathogens and make antibodies and antitoxins |
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what do the lungs do? |
they exchanges gases between the body and the air |
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how are the alveoli adapted to diffuse gases in and out of the blood as efficiently as possible |
they have a large surface area, thin walls and a good blood supply. |
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what are stents used for? |
to keep narrowed or block arteries open. |
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what is the job of valves in veins? |
to stop blood flowing in the wrong direction. |
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enzymes in the stomach work best in what conditions? |
acidic. |
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enzymes made in the pancreas and small intestine work best in what conditions? |
Alkaline |
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What are proteins broken down into? |
Amino acids. |
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Name 3 digestive enzymes and what they do? |
1. Amylase breaks down starch to sugar. 2. protease breaks down proteins to amino acids. 3. lipase breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol |
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which enzyme breaks down starch into glucose. |
Amylase |
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what is the name for a biological catalyst? |
An enzyme |
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what does bile do? |
bile neutralises the acid added to the food in the stomach and emulsifies fat. |
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what food group is tested using biuret reagent? |
Proteins. |
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what colour does biuret regent turn id there are proteins? |
biuret regent turns from blue to purple in the presence of proteins. |
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what is the chemical symbol for glucose? |
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what do carbohydrates do? |
carbohydrates are used as a energy store |
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what are simple sugars? |
carbohydrates that only contain one or who sugar units. |
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cellulose and starch are examples of? |
complex carbohydrates |
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what do fatty acids do? |
fatty acids are use as an energy store. |
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what does glycerol do? |
glycerol us used as an energy store. |
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where is bile produced? |
in the liver. |
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where is amylase produced? |
in the salivary gland and the pancreas. |
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what colour will starch turn iodine solution? |
iodine solution will change from orange-brown to blue-black when starch is present. |
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how is the small intestine adapted to increase absorption of soluble food molecules? |
it has a large surface area as it is covered in villi, thin walls and a good blood supply. |
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if the bonds in a protein molecule are broken, by temperature of pH, and the protein loses its shape - what can we say about the protein? |
it is denatured. |
