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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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By what organisms are hemoflagellates usually transmitted?
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blood-sucking arthropods
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What are the three routes of transmission of hemoflagellates?
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salivarian
stercorarian venereal |
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What are the hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi?
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DH: man, dogs, raccoons, opposums, armadillos...
IH: triatomine or kissing bug |
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What's the site of infection for Trypanosoma cruzi?
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blood early infection
heart, striated muscle, and other tissue |
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Stercorarian hemoflaggelates?
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Trypanosoma cruzi
T. equiperdum |
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Salivarian hemoflaggellates?
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Trypanosoma brucei
Nagana and African sleeping sickness |
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What is the infective stage of Trypanosoma cruzi?
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trypomastigotes
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What stage of Trypanosoma cruzi is multiplying intracellularly?
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amastigote
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Pathogenesis of Trypanosoma cruzi?
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cell damage when trypomastigotes rupture out
esp. heart muscle cells |
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Are most species of Trypanosoma pathogenic
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most species are non-pathogenic
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How is Trypanosoma equiperdum transmitted ?
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sexually transmitted
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What is the Geographic distribution of Trypanosoma equiperdum?
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eradicated from US and Canada
everywhere else |
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Hosts of Leishmania?
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DH: humans, wild and domestic animals, usually only see in American Fox Hounds
IH: sandflies |
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Site of infection for Leishmania?
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macrophages of host tissue are infected
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Dx of Leishmania infantum?
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impression smear
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what is an apicomplexa and what are the three types I need to know?
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organism whose infective stage possesses an apical complex
Coccidia hemosporidia Hepatazoon americanum |
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sporogony
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asexual reproduction to form sporozoites
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Merogony/schizogony
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a form of asexual reproduction that occurs in protozoans, in which the nucleus of an individual divides many times before the cytoplasm divides to form the daughter cells called merozoites
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Hosts of Babesia?
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IH: mammals
DH: ticks |
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site of infection of Babesia?
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RBC in mammal
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routes of transmission for Babesia
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In Tick transovarial, transstadial
Blood transfusion |
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Pathogenesis of Babesia
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anemia
clinical dz in young and immunocompromised |
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Dx of Babesia
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prioplasms on stained blood films
PCR trophozoites decrease with time |
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Babesia species in dogs
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B. canis and B. gibsoni
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Hosts for Babesia bigemina
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IH: cattle and deer
DH: ticks |
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zoonotic piroplasm
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Babesia microti- NEast and Midwest
tick or blood transfusion |
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Hosts of Theileria
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IH: mammals- mostly ruminats
DH: ticks |
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Site of infection of Theileria
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RBC and lymphocytes in mammal
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Geographic distribution of Theileria
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world-wide very pathogenic in Africa, Asia and Southern Europe
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How is Theileria transmitted?
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ticks- transstadial
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Where does Theileria undergo schizogony?
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lymphocytes prior to entering RBC
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Hosts of Cytauxzoon felis
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IH: bobcats, ferral cats
Abberant in domestic cats DH: ticks Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma americanum |
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Site of infection of Cytauxzoon felis
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Macrophages and RBC
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Geographic distribution of Cytauxzoon felis
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South eastern and South central US
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Pathogenesis of Cytauxzoon felis
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abberant hosts- rapid intravascular multiplication results in mechanical obstruction of blood flow
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Hosts of Hepatazoon americanum
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canines and ticks ( Amblyomma maculatum)
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Site of infection of Hepatazoon americanum
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leukocytes
muscle cells |
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What is the infective stage of Hepatazoon americanum
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sporulated oocyst
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pathogenesis of Hepatazoon americanum
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periosteal bone proliferation
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Dx of Hepatazoon americanum
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muscle biopsy
blood smear-Gamonts in white blood cells rx |
