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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Shay's rebellion |
Attempt by Massachusetts farmer Daniel Shay's and 1200 compatriots seeking debt relief through insurance of paper currency and lower taxes to prevent courts from seizing property from indebted farmers |
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The Federalist |
Collection of eighty-five essays that appeared in the new York press in 1787-1788 in support of the Constitution written by Alexander Hamilton,James Madison and John Jay and published unfrrbghr pseudonym "publius" |
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Treaty of Greenville |
1785 treaty under which twelve Indian tribes ceded most of Ohio and Indiana to the federal government and which also established the "annuity" system |
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Letters from an American Farmer |
1782 book by Hector St John de Creve Coeur that popularized the notion that the United States was a "melting pot" while excluding people of color from the process of assimilation |
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Notes on the State of Virginia |
Thomas Jefferson’s 1785 book that claimed, among other things, that black people were incapable of becoming citizens and living in harmony alongside white people due to the legacy of slavery and what Jefferson believed were the “real distinctions that nature has made” between races. |
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Jay’s Treaty |
Treaty with Britain negotiated in 1794 by Chief Justice John Jay; Britain agreed to vacate forts in the Northwest Territories, and festering disagreements (border with Canada, prewar debts, shipping claims) would be settled by commission. |
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Vindication of the Rights of Woman |
Inspired by Paine’s Rights of Man,she asserted that the “rights of humanity” should not be “confined to the maleline.” Wollstonecraft did not directly challenge traditional gender roles. Her callfor greater access to education and to paid employment for women rested on theidea that this would enable single women to support themselves and marriedwomen to perform more capably as wives and mothers. But she did “drop a hint,” |
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Judith Sargent Murray |
she studied alongside her brother with a tutor preparing the young man for admission to Harvard. In her essay “On the Equality of the Sexes,” written in 1779 and published in 1790, Murray insisted that women had as much right as men to exercise all their talents and should be allowed equal educational opportunities to enable them to do so. |
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Gabriel’s Rebellion |
An 1800 uprising planned by Virginian slaves to gain their freedom. The plot was led by a blacksmith named Gabriel, but was discovered and quashed. |
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Marbury v. Madison |
First U.S. Supreme Court decision to declare a federal law— the Judiciary Act of 1801— unconstitutional |
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Barbary Wars |
The first wars fought by the United States, and the nation’s first encounter with the Islamic world. The wars were fought from 1801 to 1805 against plundering pirates off the Mediterranean coast of Africa after President Thomas Jefferson’s refusal to pay them tribute to protect American ships. |
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American system of manufactures |
A system of production that relied on the mass production of interchangeable parts that could be rapidly assembled into standardized finished products. |
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mill girls |
Women who worked at textile mills during the Industrial Revolution who enjoyed new freedoms and independence not seen before. |
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Dartmouth College v. Woodward |
1819 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld the original charter of the college against New Hampshire’s attempt to alter the board of trustees; set the precedent of support of contracts against state interference. |
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cult of domesticity |
The nineteenthcentury ideology of “virtue” and “modesty” as the qualities that were essential to proper womanhood. |
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Democracy in America |
Two works, published in 1835 and 1840, by the French thinker Alexis de Tocqueville on the subject of American democracy. Tocqueville stressed the cultural nature of American democracy, and the importance and prevalence of equality in American life. |
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American System |
Program of internal improvements and protective tariffs promoted by Speaker of the House Henry Clay in his presidential campaign of 1824; his proposals formed the core of Whig ideology in the 1830s and 1840s. |
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McCulloch v. Maryland |
1819 U.S. Supreme Court decision in which Chief Justice John Marshall, holding that Maryland could not tax the Second Bank of the United States, supported the authority of the federal government versus the states. |
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Missouri Compromise |
The Missouri Compromise was United States federal legislation that admitted Maine to the United States as a free state, simultaneously with Missouri as a slave state—thus maintaining the balance of power between North and South in the United States Senate. |
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Monroe Doctrine |
President James Monroe’s declaration to Congress on December 2, 1823, that the American continents would be thenceforth closed to European colonization, and that the United States would not interfere in European affairs. |
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Worcester v. Georgia |
1832 Supreme Court case that held that the Indian nations were distinct peoples who could not be dealt with by the states—instead, only the federal government could negotiate with them. President Jackson refused to enforce the ruling. |
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Harriet Tubman. |
Born in Maryland in 1820, Tubman escaped to Philadelphia in 1849 and during the next decade risked her life by making numerous trips back to her state of birth to lead relatives and other slaves to freedom |
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Denmark Vesey’s conspiracy |
An 1822 failed slave uprising in Charleston, South Carolina, purported to have been led by Denmark Vesey, a free black man. |
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Nat Turner’s Rebellion |
Most important slave uprising in nineteenth-century America, led by a slave preacher who, with his followers, killed about sixty white persons in Southampton County, Virginia, in 1831. |
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temperance movement |
A widespread reform movement, led by militant Christians, focused on reducing the use of alcoholic beverages. |
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American Colonization Society |
Organized in 1816 to encourage colonization of free blacks to Africa; West African nation of Liberia founded in 1822 to serve as a homeland for them. |
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Uncle Tom’s Cabin |
Harriet BeecherStowe’s 1852 antislavery novel that popularized the abolitionist position. |
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Dorothea Dix, |
Massachusetts schoolteacher, was the leading advocate of more humane treatment of the insane, who at the time generally were placed in jails alongside debtors and hardened criminals. Thanks to her efforts, twenty-eight states constructed mental hospitals before the Civil War. |
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Woman in the Nineteenth Century, |
published in 1845, Fuller sought to apply to women the transcendentalist idea that freedom meant a quest for personal development. “Every path” to self-fulfillment, she insisted, should be “open to woman as freely as to man.” |
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Wilmot Proviso |
Proposal to prohibit slavery in any land acquired in the Mexican War; defeated by southern senators, led by John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, in 1846 and 1847. |
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Free Soil Party |
Political organization formed in 1848 to oppose slavery in the territory acquired in the Mexican War; nominated Martin Van Buren for president in 1848. By 1854 most of the party’s members had joined the Republican Party |
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Know-Nothing Party |
Nativist, antiCatholic third party organized in 1854 in reaction to large-scale German and Irish immigration; the party’s only presidential candidate was Millard Fillmore in 1856. |
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The Dred Scott decision, |
. The justices addressed three questions. Could a black person be a citizen and therefore sue in federal court? Did residence in a free state make Scott free? Did Congress possess the power to prohibit slavery in a territory? declared that only white persons could be citizens of the United States. The nation’s founders, Taney insisted, believed that blacks “had no rights which the white man was bound to respect.” |
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Ex parte Milligan |
1866 Supreme Court case that declared it unconstitutional to bring accused persons before military tribunals where civil courts were operating. basically you can't judge someone with military tribunal. |
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What are the checks and balances in us gov |
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President of the United States (2) |
John Adams |
