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57 Cards in this Set
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Produce sperm cells and testosterone |
Teste |
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Produce immature sperm cells |
Seminiferous tubules |
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Matures and stores sperm cells in coiled tubles |
Epididymis |
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Carries sperm from epididymis to its junction with the uretha |
Vas deferens |
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Secretes fructose into the semen to provide energy for sperm |
Seminal vesicles |
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Secretes and alkaline buffer into the seven to protect sperm from acidic environment of the vagina |
Prostate gland |
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Secretes mucus rich fluids into the semen that protect sperm from acids in urethra |
Cowper's gland |
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Carries semen during ejaculation Carries urine from the bladder |
Urethra |
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Deposits sperm into vagina Contains the urethra |
Penis |
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Produce estrogen and progesterone Site of egg cell development and ovulation |
Ovaries |
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Carry the ovum from the ovary to the uterus Site of fertilization |
Fallopian tubes |
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Sweep the ovum into the oviduct following ovulation |
Fimbria |
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Pear shaped organ in which the embryo and fetus developInvolved in menstruation Involved in menstruation |
Uterus |
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Separates the vagina from the uterus Holds fetus in place during pregnancy Dilates during birth to allow the fetus to leave the uterus |
Cervix |
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Extends from the cervix to the external environment Provides a passageway for sperm and menstrual flow Functions as birth canal |
Vagina |
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Days 1-5 menstruation |
Flow phase |
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Days 6-13 development of follicles, estrogen is released |
Follicular phase |
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Days 15-28 development of estrogen and progesterone, prepare uterus for embryo |
Luteal phase |
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Endocrine disorder characterized by weight loss, hunger and enlarged thyroid |
Hyperthyroidism |
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These types of hormones are made from cholesterol and are lipid soluble |
Steroid hormones |
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These hormones are made from chains of amino acids and are soluble in water |
Protein hormones |
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These hormones are made from chains of amino acids and are soluble in water |
Protein hormones |
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This gland is called the master gland because it controls other endocrine glands |
Anterior pituitary gland |
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Hormone produced by the pancreas and decreases glucose uptake through cell membranes |
Glycogen |
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This condition results when the ovaries are hypersecreting male sex hormones |
Polycystic ovary syndrome |
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Released from pituitary; Stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids |
ACTH |
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Endocrine disorder characterized by the hyposecretion of insulin |
Diabetes type 1 |
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Oxytocin causes uterine contractions and it is released by this gland |
Posterior pituitary gland |
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A decrease in the production of this hormone during or before puberty can cause dwarfism |
Growth hormone |
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Endocrine disorder that is caused by a hyposecretion of hormones from the adrenal gland |
Addison's syndrome |
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When an increase in the release of a hormone causes an increase in the release of this hormone this control mechanisms is known as a |
Positive feedback loop |
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Low levels of estrogen can result in this disorder in women; bones break easily |
Osteoporosis |
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When the release of a hormone causes the decrease of the release of another hormone this control mechanism is known as a |
Negative feedback loop |
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Endocrine disorder characterized by hypersecretion of cortisol, causes excessive weight gain |
Cushings |
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The master gland releases these two hormones which target the testes and ovaries |
FSH and LH |
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The three categories of endocrine disorders are |
Hypersecretion, Hyposecretion, non functioning targets |
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Transparent tissue that covers the front of the eye Focus begins in the cornea |
Cornea |
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A coating that surrounds the posterior five-sixths of the eyeball Provides protection and support |
Sclera |
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A covering over the sclera and cornea, keeps them moist |
Conjunctiva |
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A muscle that controls the size of the pupil and amount of light that enters the eye |
Iris |
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Opening in middle of eye that allows light to pass through |
Pupil |
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Transparent tissue that bends light (focus) passing through the eye |
Lens |
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Controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humor |
Ciliary body/muscles |
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Six bands of muscles that attach to the eyeball and control the ability of the eye to look up down and side to side Controlled by three cranial nerves |
Extraocular Muscles |
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Clear, jelly-like humor found in the back portion of the eye Maintains shape of eyeball |
Vitreous humor |
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Transparent gelatinous fluid in the front of the eye Supports the lens and transmits light rays |
Aqueous humor |
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Photo receptors that respond to low light conditions, black and white |
Rods |
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Photo receptors that respond to bright conditions and color |
Cones |
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Transmits impulses to the brain |
Optic Nerve |
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Regions between neurons, or between neurons and effectors |
Synapses |
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Chemicals released from vesicles into synapses |
Neurotransmitters |
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Neuron that carries impulses to the synapse |
Presynaptic neuron |
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Neuron that carries impulses away from the synapse |
Postsynaptic neuron |
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Neurotransmitter released from vesicles in the end plates of neurons, which makes the postsynaptic membranes more permeable to Na+ ions |
Acetylcholine |
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Enzyme, which breaks down acetylcholine, released from postsynaptic membranes in the end plates of neurons shortly after acetylcholine |
Cholinesterase |
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Acetylcholine causes ligand sodium ion channels to open in the postsynaptic neuron which causes... |
Depolarization |
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These neurotransmitters make the postsynaptic neuron more permeable to potassium |
Inhibitory neurotransmitters |
