Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which neurotransmitters are used in the SNS two neuron general visceral efferent system?
|
Pregangloinic -> Ach -> Postganglionic -> NE -> effector organ
|
|
Where are preganglionic neurons located?
|
the intermediolateral column (T1-L3); this is the entire source of the first order neurons of the SNS
|
|
Where are postganglionic neurons located?
|
Sympathetic trunk (project via gray communicating rami to spinal nerves, blood vessels, arrector pili muscles and sweat glands) and the prevertebral collateral ganglia (abdominal and pelvic viscera)
|
|
Where do postgangliionic neurons of the prevertebral collateral ganglia project?
|
Abdominal and pelvic viscera
|
|
What are the four possible routes that axons of cells from the intermediolateral cell column might take to their effector sites?
|
1. Ascend then synapse (innervation of the head)
2. Synapse at the level of entry (innervation of middle trunk) 3. Descend and then synapse (innervation of lower limb) 4. Pass through sympathetic trunk without synapsing to enter an abdominopelvic splanchnic nerve (innervation of abdominopelic viscera ONLY) |
|
How is supply to the medulla of the adrenal gland unique?
|
Normally there is a two neuron link but the adrenal is a single neuron link
Cell boxies from IML column never synapse, exit ventral roots through ventral rami to paravertebral ganglia and out the thoracic splanchic nerve to the celiac plexus where they continue onward to the medulla where they synapse on chromaffin cells using NE |
|
The esophagus, stomach, spleen, liver, gall bladder and duodenum are all supplied by what nerve?
|
Greater thoracic splanchnic nerve (T5-T9) via synapse in the celiac (solar) plexus
|
|
Which nerve innervates the mesenteric plexus?
|
Lesser thoracic splanchic nerve; regulates midgut
|
|
Which nerve innervates the third and fourth parts of the duodenum through the proximal and middle thirds of the transverse colon?
|
Lesser splanchnic nerve synapsed at superior mesenteric ganglion which innervates midgut
|
|
Which nerve innervates the distal third of the transverse colon, the descending colon, sigmoid colon and upper half of the rectum?
|
Lumbar splanchnic nerve synapses at inferior mesenteric ganglion which innervates hindgut
|
|
|
How does parasympathetic outflow regulate the oculomotor nerve?
|
EdingerWestphal nucleus (accessory nucleus of III) gives rise to preganglionic parasympathetic fibers -> some terminate in the ciliary ganglion and others in the episcleral ganglion
|
|
|
Which nerves are make up the craniosacral (parasympathetic) nervous system?
|
III, VII, IX, X, S2-S4
|
|
|
Which nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation of the foregut and midgut?
|
Cell body in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in the medulla -> second cell bod in the plexuses of the GI tract
|
|
Which nerve supplies the parasympathetic innvervation of the hindgut?
|
Pelvic splanchnic nerves via S2-S4
|
|
A patient is crying (wah). What parasympathetics nerves are being activated?
|
Petrosal nerve derived from facial nerve synapses on pterygopalatine ganglion on NAchR -> projections join lacrimal nerve in the orbit to reach the lacrimal gland via MAChR
|
|
A patient has a stuffed up nose. Where is the ganglion of the pertinent nervous innervation?
|
Pterygopalatine Ganglion
|
|
Where is the nucleus of the preganglionic fibers of the facial (VII) nerve?
|
Superior salivary nucleus in the pons
|
|
Where is the nucleus of the preganglionic fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
|
Inferior Salivatory nucleus
Fibers terminate in otic ganglion, from which postganglionic fibers innervate the parotid gland |
|
|
Where is the second cell body of the parasympathetic axons of the vagus nerve? What does stimulation of the vagus cause?
|
2nd cell bodies typically in small ganglia in the wall of the organ innervated; vagus stimulation = GI motility and increased glandular secretion in the GI tract
|
|
Describe the parasympathetic innervation of the hindgut
|
Preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the sacral parasympathetic nucleus at S2-S4 track through the inferior and superior hypogastric plexuses and then through the wall of the bowel to innervate second order PS neurons located in the wall of the bowel
|
