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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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48. Recognize arguments against human population controls
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Is it our job to limit population? birth control? moral/ethical beliefs
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49. What factos have led to the rapid increase of the human population over the pass 200 years?
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Movement into new habitats and climate zones. early and modern agriculture, control of infectious diseases
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50. Define cultural carrying capacity
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optimal level that would allow most people to live in reasonable comfort without impairing the planet's ability to sustain future growth
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51.What is the equation for population change?
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(births+immigration)-(deaths+emigration)
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52. Crude birth and death rate
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deaths/births per 1000 people
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53. Calculate growth rate
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R= B-D over 1000 multitplied by 100 (so over 10)
r= growth rate b-crude birth d-crude death |
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54. Calculate population doubling time
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70 over % growth rate
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55. 2 useful indicators of overall health in a country
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life expectancy and infant mortality rate
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56. Define TFR. what is this # for the US? world?
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# of kids a women has
US=2.1 World: 1.6 developed, 3.0 developing |
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57. By how much has the US population grown over the last century?
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2.9 million were added. 59% occurred bc births and immigration > deaths
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58. How does population size affect the # of individuals added?
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the size will increase or decrease depending on deaths and births
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59. Define replacement level fertility
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# of children a couple must have to replace themselves
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60. When in US history was TFR the greatest?
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1946-1964 with 3.4%; baby boom
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61. What are some societal factors that affect birth and fertility rate?
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children as part of labor force, urbanization, contraception availability, legal abortions
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62. Why is infant mortality in the US still higher than it should be?
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inadequate healthcare for poor women, drug addiction, high teen birth rates; 46th
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63. Recognize true statements concerning immigration
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illegal vs. legal
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64. What % of the US population growth is due to immigration, both legal and illegal?
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40%
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65. Describe and be able to draw the age structure pyramids of growing, stable and declining populations
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look at bottom
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66. What are the 4 stages of demographic transitions?
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Pre-industrial: high BR & DR
Transitional: High BR & low DR Industrial: BR approaches DR Post-industrial: further declines BR to DR Africa. India. US. Russia |
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67. What are some solutions for dealing with population growth?
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family planning, reduce poverty and elevation the status of women
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68. What tactics have India and China used in the past to curtail population growth? Were they successful?
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China= encourage fewer kids, free sterilization and birth control
India= gender bias, poverty, high infant mortality, husbands and mother-in-laws |
