Turf Turf Weed Management

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Turf Weed Management

Greatest turfgrass is home lawns.

A sound turf weed management program is based on ...

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premise 'what's best for turfgrass is bad for weeds'

healthy turf is dense so weed seeds can't get to the dirt or get light so ...

turf out competes w/ weeds

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weed mean turf problems!

turf weed management is based on ...?

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understanding factors that:

1) promote turf health

2) control weeds

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FACTORS AFFECTING TURF HEALTH

Factors most affecting turf health are:

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turfgrass selection
site conditions
maintenance

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TURFGRASS SELECTION

pick wrong grass and you have constant problems, impossible to fix.

Whats one way to prevent weed problems in selecting turfgrass?

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certified weed free turfgrass

Great method to prevent introducing crap like perennial grasses like quackgrass. Buy only labeled seed. To ensure turf quality over wide range of enviro conditions, use mixs of diff species

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SITE CONDITIONS

Access soil and turf conditions. Get core samples and ?

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examine:
soil texture (sandy? silt? clay?)
oxygen availibility
organic content

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Turf Weed Management

Greatest turfgrass is home lawns.

A sound turf weed management program is based on ...

Back 6

premise 'what's best for turfgrass is bad for weeds'

healthy turf is dense so weed seeds can't get to the dirt or get light so ...

turf out competes w/ weeds

Front 7

weed problems means you got a turf problem!

turf weed management is based on ...

Back 7

understanding factors that promote turf health and methods to control weeds

Front 8

FACTORS AFFECTING TURF HEALTH

Factors most affecting turf health are:

Back 8

turfgrass selection
site conditions
maintenance

Front 9

TURFGRASS SELECTION

pick wrong grass and you have constant problems, impossible to fix.

Whats one way to prevent weed problems in selecting turfgrass?

Back 9

certified weed free turfgrass

Great method to prevent introducing crap like perennial grasses like quackgrass. Buy only labeled seed. To ensure turf quality over wide range of enviro conditions, use mixs of diff species

Front 10

SITE CONDITIONS

Access soil and turf conditions. Get core samples and ?

Back 10

examine:
soil texture (sandy? silt? clay?)
oxygen availibility
organic content

Front 11

Turf Weed Management

Greatest turfgrass is home lawns.

A sound turf weed management program is based on ...

Back 11

premise 'what's best for turfgrass is bad for weeds'

healthy turf is dense so weed seeds can't get to the dirt or get light so ...

turf out competes w/ weeds

Front 12

weed problems means you got a turf problem!

turf weed management is based on ...

Back 12

understanding factors that promote turf health and methods to control weeds

Front 13

FACTORS AFFECTING TURF HEALTH

Factors most affecting turf health are:

Back 13

turfgrass selection
site conditions
maintenance

Front 14

TURFGRASS SELECTION

pick wrong grass and you have constant problems, impossible to fix.

Whats one way to prevent weed problems in selecting turfgrass?

Back 14

certified weed free turfgrass

Great method to prevent introducing crap like perennial grasses like quackgrass. Buy only labeled seed. To ensure turf quality over wide range of enviro conditions, use mixs of diff species

Front 15

SITE CONDITIONS

Access soil and turf conditions. Get core samples and ?

Back 15

examine:
soil texture (sandy? silt? clay?)
oxygen availibility
organic content

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You need 6 inches settled soil for a good lawn but 12 is better for?

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efficient water use.

Good topsoil contains 2% to 7% organic material

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compacted soil won't drain or have air penetration

Why does Knotweed grow in compacted turf?

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because it is difficult to get normal grass to grow there so knotweed starts growing

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Good soil and surface draining is VERY important prepping a site to seed.

Why?

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drainage decreases plant stress

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Temps affect grass growth
hi temps require more water

Since turf doesn't grow well in heavy shade areas, what happens?

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ground ivy
violets
chickweeds
moss springs up

So shade areas always have weed problems!
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replace w/ shade tolerant ground cover, whatever

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when establishing new lawn,
good seed/soil contact is critical, when moisture to devlop ?

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root systems

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Add compost to soil b/f sodding or seeding to increase organic stuff in soil.

dont add more than 20% organic by ?

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volume to a soil mix

mix it well so you don't get dark green clumps of turf!

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Use weed free compost! shit carries seeds! what do you do if weeds appear?

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apply approved herb

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MOWING affects weed invasion more than anything else!

do what to prevent this?

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mow at the correct heigtht

mowing at correct frequency

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Grass species and turf do what?

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determine mowing heights

EX athletic lawn is cut short
a park is cut higher
Rule of thumb is:

never remove more than 1/3 of the grass blade height when mowing.

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EX Kentucky blue height s/b 1.5 to 2 inches to keep it dense and relatively tall. why?

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shading from the grass stems protects the roots from summer heat and deprives weed seedlings of sunlight!

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what happens when grass is cut too short?

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turf becomes weak! less competetitve so weeds become established.

Infrequent mowing can caus scalping. (removing too much green leaf surface) this leads to root dieback, decreasing stand density.

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IRRIGATION

necessary for establishing and maintenance of turf grass. what does lack of water give?

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dead turf causing weeds

Overwatering can be just as serious, promotes disease in young succulant turf

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what happens to turf if it doesn't get adequate water?

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it goes dormate and turns brown. Exteme it will die.

But you water dormate grass, it breaks dormancy and greens up.

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what do you do to prevent dormacy?

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irrigate turf

when you see bluegray appearance
footprinting (stays smashed down when you walk on it)

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Scheduled irrigations should get enough water to wet soil to a depth of >>>

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4 - 6 inches

Light frequent watering promotes shallow root systems, which leads to increase of weeds!

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Fertilize to ...

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maintain healthy turf that will compete w/ invading weeds

nitrogen potassium calcium phophorus sulfur micronutrients

Do soil analysis to maintain correct nutrient levels

County extension offices info about soil and leaf analysis

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Soil type and enviro affect nutrient availibility and uptake. sandy soils need prep.

add small amts fertilizer more freq (or slow release stuff) to ...

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minimize loss of nutrients.

Calcium is usually needed in sandy soil.

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Turf too low or hi in nitrogen is susceptible to pests.

What do you get with low nitrogen levels?

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a turf thin bare susceptible to weed invasion.

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Thatch is layer of living and dead plant tissue, made of stems, leaves, rhizomes, stolons, and roots. what does thatch create?

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thick woven mat that reduces light air fertilier and water.

1/2 inch layer is all you need. when it gets to 3/4 dethatch that stuff in spring or fall.

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thatch buildup comes from:
overwatering
poor soil aeration/drainage
low pH

to reduce thatch buildup what?

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do not overfertilize
monitor irrigation
increase drainage and aeration
if soil compaction is problem, aerate turfgrass after dethatching to get more oxygen and water into root zone.

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Don't dethatch too deep w/ power equipment, it will fuck up the turf and promote ?

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weeds

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Aeration relieves soil compaction in turf.
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Core aeration works great in spring for cool season grasses but can do it also ...

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in the fall.

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some situations, avoid aeration or dethatching to prevent weed seed getting in holes! spread disease, reduce desiccation resulting from

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open aeration holes

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Overseeding is a practice of seeding over ...

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top of established turf at 1/2 intial est. rate.

Overseed when turfgrass becomes thin to thicken it

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TURF WEED CONTROL

use control strategies managing turf

1) b/f you seed or lay sod
2) after turf is established

What a great season long strategy?

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regular maintenance

mechanical control methods

herbicides

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how would you eliminate germinated seeds in a seedbed your preparing?

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till it up. this really disturbs the roots & buries them.

EXCEPTION!

Perennial grassy weeds like bentgrass or guackgrass are exception. Tilling these fuckers w/o a herb & you've just planted them to grow!

Each stolon or rhimzome piece will grow a new plant in moist soil.

Conclusion, use a herbicide here when you till your new seedbed

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For MY lawn (est. turf) control is necessary when weeds start to look really bad.

Many different techniques here.

what?

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few weeds? hand pull them or hoe

Herbs are sometimes only option controlling turf weeds

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CONTROLLING BROADLEAF WEEDS

Herbs can control annual biennial and perennial ...

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broadleaf weeds in turf!

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The pros use POSTEMERGENCE herbs to control broadleaf weeds because of its selectivity.
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How do some postemergent herbs control some summer ANNUAL broadleaf weeds?

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some postemergent herbicides control ANNUAL broadleaf weeds by

inhibiting weed seed germination.

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Most postemergent broadleaf herbs are foliar applied and then translocate. It has to stay on the weed leaves long enough to ...

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let chemicals penetrate in.

IF IT RAINS OR SPRINKLERS come on, weeds won't absorb a toxic dose.
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When are postemergent herbs most effective?

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when weeds are young and growing.

(sugars are moving!)

Good moisture, hi humidity, bright sunshine, and air temps b/t 65 and 85 favor plant growth, AND weed control

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what are
knotweed
purslane? They are annual weeds

Hard to kill b/c they ?

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germination is like weeks to months. The thick waxy leaf tissue slows absorption of herb. Herb might not work

Try mowing high, water deeply, use fertilizer, overseeding or sodding

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Postemergence herbs? Read label carefully what else?

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if it rains, you have to do it again

allow for herb uptake by not mowing for a while, at least 3 days

watch out for tree roots out in the turf area, consider drip zone AND root zone.

delay apps to newly seeded areas until grass has been mowed a few times

delay applying herb to newly sodded area for 4 to 6 weeks

delay seeding treated area until residual herb has broken down

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Controlling ANNUAL GRASSES

Annual weeds and Annual turfgrasses is a problem

Crabgrass
annual bluegrass
goosegrass hard to control once established

USE ?

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preemergence herbicides against germinating annual grass seeds. Apply BEFORE seeds germinate
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How do preemergent herbicides work?

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must be incorporated into the soil

water herb into soil w/ 1/2" water to incorporate it.

herb MUST reach thatch or soil to work.

Apply week or two b/f seed germination is expected.

(stays in soil for months)

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What is root pruning?

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turfgrass roots in thatch region, and you thatch tearing up roots of turf.

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AGAIN throwing out preemergence after weeds EMERGE what?

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the preemergence has little effect.

Apply w/o skips or streaks to establish uniform chemical barrier in soil

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Preemergent herbs breakdown out there in the yard. Rate? hard to tell, the timing all depends on

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the weather

SO if the weather fucks up your preemergent, late annual weed germination of bluegrass, will take.

LESSON? keep preemergent herb barrior up to control weed seed germination

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preemergent labels tell you how to use it.
General guidelines?

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after using preemergent, wait 2 - 4 omnths b/f seeding

don't use preemergent herb when turfgrass seeding, think about it

wait until turf seedlings have been mowed 3 times b/f applying preemergent

don't apply preemergent to soil b/f laying down sod

Trick: throw grass clippings on turf 2-3 weeks after app to get herb appl returned to thatch layer to contribute to the chemical barrier

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preemergent labels tell you how to use it.
General guidelines?

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after using preemergent, wait 2 - 4 omnths b/f seeding

don't use preemergent herb when turfgrass seeding, think about it

wait until turf seedlings have been mowed 3 times b/f applying preemergent

don't apply preemergent to soil b/f laying down sod

Trick: throw grass clippings on turf 2-3 weeks after app to get herb appl returned to thatch layer to contribute to the chemical barrier

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CONTROLLING PERENNIAL GRASSES

Hard as hell to do this.

If you only have spotty weeds what?

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manually remove them if possible.

Because perennial grass weeds are so similar to turf grass, herbs kill both.

Only effective control for a bad problem is use a nonselective heribicide followed by complete turf redo!

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Before resodding that area you might have to ...

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wait a few weeks so nonselect herb breaks down