Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Isobaric Expressions for W, Q, and ∆U |
|
|
|
Isochoric Expressions for W, Q, and ∆U |
|
|
|
Isothermal Expressions for W, Q, and ∆U |
|
|
|
Adiabatic Expressions for W, Q, and ∆U and Related Relations |
|
|
|
γ for various ideal gasses
|
= 5/3 for monatomic = 7/5 for diatomic = 9/7 for triatomic |
|
|
Heat Engine Efficiency η |
|
|
|
∆U all processes
|
∆U = Q - W
∮(δQ - δW) = 0 |
|
|
Relationship between C_v, C_p, and R |
= 3R/2 for monatomic = 5R/2 for diatomic = 7R/2 for triatomic |
|
|
COP Heat Pump |
|
|
|
Entropy Integrals |
∮δQ/T ≤ 0 ∮δQ/T = 0 for reversible processes ∫δQ/T = S₂ - S₁ for reversible processes ∫δQ/T ≥ S₂ - S₁ for irreversible processes |
|
|
Change in Entropy |
|
|
|
Availability or Exergy |
|
|
|
Definition of Heat |
Energy that spontaneously passes between a system and its surroundings in some way other than through work or the transfer of matter (Wikipedia) |
|
|
Definition of Internal Energy |
Energy contained within the system, including the kinetic and potential energy as a whole (Wikipedia) |
|
|
Definition of Work |
Energy transferred by the system to its surroundings Accounted for solely by macroscopic forces exerted on the system by factors external to it (e.g. Gravity, Pressure) (Adapted from Wikipedia) |
|
|
Definition of Entropy |
The energy of a system that is unavailable for doing useful work (Wikipedia) |
|
|
Definition of Exergy |
The maximum useful work possible during a process that brings the system into equilibrium with a heat reservoir (Wikipedia) |
|
|
The First Law |
It is in no way possible... to obtain perpetual motion (Plank) If any system is carried through a cycle, then the summation of work delivered to the surroundings is proportional to the summation of heat taken from the surroundings (Keenan) |
|
|
The Second Law (three corollaries on separate cards) |
Kelvin-Plank Statement: It is impossible for an engine operating in a cycle to produce a positive work output if in communication with only one thermal reservoir |
|
|
The Second Law: Corollary 1 |
It is impossible to construct an engine to work between two heat reservoirs, each having a fixed and uniform temperature, which will exceed in efficiency a reversible engine working between the same reservoirs |
|
|
The Second Law: Corollary 2 |
All reversible engines between the same two reservoirs have the same efficiency |
|
|
The Second Law: Corollary 3 |
A temperature scale may be defined which is independent of the nature of the thermometric substance |
|
|
Intensive Properties |
Independent of mass (e.g. temperature, pressure) |
|
|
Extensive properties |
Directly proportional to the mass of the homogeneous substance (e.g. energy, entropy, volume) |
|
|
[[Temperature Entropy Diagram]] |
Vertical lines: adiabatic Horizontal lines: isothermal |
|
|
Specific Properties |
Extensive properties per unit mass |
|
|
Isentropic Process |
A process in which entropy remains constant i.e. reversible adiabatic process |
|
|
Interpolation |
u = u₁ + [(v - v₁) / (v₂ - v₁)] · (u₂ - u₁) Can be done with any two properties. u = the value you want, v = the value you know, any symbols with subscripts are from the tables. |
|
|
Specific Enthalpy |
h = u + pv the total heat content of a system / unit mass |
|
|
Mass of a Control Volume (Rate of Change) |
|
|
|
Control Volume Energy Changes (six) |
|
|
|
Control Volume Energy Conservation (Rate of Change) |
(Remember, h is enthalpy) |
|
|
Control Volume Entropy Balance (Rate of Change) |
|
|
|
W for Isentropic Control Process |
|
|
|
Quality (Applies to 4 items) |
1. Specific enthalpy 2. Specific entropy 3. Specific volume 4. Specific internal energy |
|
|
Specific Heat Ratio |
|
