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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Range of Motion |
-full motion possible -muscles, joint surfaces, capsules, ligaments, fasciae, velles, and nerves are all affected |
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Functional Excursion |
-distance a muscle is capable of shortening after it has been elongated to its maximum -one-joint muscles are directly influenced by this |
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Passive ROM |
-movement of a segment within unrestricted ROM that is produced entirely by an external force (gravity, machine, another individual, or another part of individual's own body) -little to no voluntary muscle contraction |
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Indications for PROM |
-acute, inflamed tissue -when a patient is not able to or not supposed to actively move a segment(s) of the body (comatose, paralyzed, or on complete bed rest) |
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Goals for PROM |
-maintain joint/connective tissue mobility -minimize contracture effects -maintain muscle elasticity -assist circulation -decrease/inhibit pain -assist with healing process -help maintain patient's awareness of movement |
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Other Uses for PROM |
-determine limitations of motion, joint stability, muscle flexibility, and other soft tissue elasticity -demonstrate desired motion of AROM -precedes passive stretching techniques |
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Limitations of PROM |
-may be difficult to obtain when muscle is innervated and patient is conscious -does not prevent muscle atrophy -does not increase strength or endurance -does not assist circulation to the extent that active, voluntary muscle contraction does |
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Active ROM |
movement of a segment within unrestricted ROM that is produced by active contraction of muscles crossing that joint |
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Active-Asstive ROM |
assistance is provided manually or mechanically by an outside force b/c the prime mover muscles need assistance to complete the motion |
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Indications for AROM |
-when a patient is able to contract the muscles actively and move segment with/w/o assistance -when a patient has weak musculature and is unable to move a joint through desired ROM -when a segment is immobilized -aerobic conditioning programs |
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Goals for AROM |
-maintain elasticity/contractility of muscles -provide sensory feedback from muscles -provide stimulus for bone/joint tissue integrity -increase circulation -prevent thrombus formation -develop coordination and motor skills for functional activities |
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Limitations of AROM |
-does not maintain or increase strength in already strong muscles -does not develop skill/coordination except in the movement patterns used |
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Precautions/Contraindications of ROM Exercises |
-when motion is disruptive to healing process (acute tears, fractures, immediately post-surgery) -when patient response or condition is life-threatening |
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Applying ROM Techniques |
-examination, evaluation, and treatment planning -patient preparation -application of techniques -application of PROM -application of AROM |
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Self-Assisted ROM |
-used to protect healing tissues when more intensive muscle contraction is contraindicated -a variety of devices as well as use of a normal extremity may be used -becomes part of the home-exercise program |
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Forms of Self-Assisted ROM |
-manual -wand/T-bar -finger ladder, wall climbing, ball rolling -pulleys -skate board/powder board -reciprocal exercise devices |
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Teaching Self-Assisted ROM |
-educate patient on value of motion -teach patient correct body alignment/stabilization -observe patient and correct any substitute/unsafe motions -remove any hazards from equipment -provide drawings/guidelines for reps/frequency |
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Continuous Passive Motion |
PROM performed by mechanical device that moves a joint slowly and continuously |
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Benefits of CPM |
-prevent adhesions/contractions/joint stiffness -provide stimulating effect on healing tendons/ligaments -enhance healing of incisions -increase synovial fluid lubrication -prevent degrading effects of immobilization -provide a quicker return of ROM |
