Symptoms And Diseases Of The Female Reproductive System

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amenorrhea

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Absenceof or abnormal stoppage of menstral flow.

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dysmenorrhea

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Painful menstruation

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dyspareunia

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Difficult or painful coitus.

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coitus

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Sexual connection between a man and a woman, another term for intercourse.

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dysuria

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Painful or difficult urination. Although this is a symptom which affects the urinary system, it can also be indicative of reproductive pathology.

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hirsutism

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Abnormal hairiness. This refers to the condition in which a male pattern of hair distribution occurs in a woman. It comes from the root "hirsute" which means "hairy".

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menometrorrhagia

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Excessive uterine bleeding which occurs both during menses and at irregular intervals. This is a common symptom in menopausal women.

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menorrhea

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This term is used interchangeable to mean both the normal flow of menstruation and profuse menstruation.

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metrorrhagia

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Uterine bleeding which occurs in varying amounts at totally irregular intervals, sometimes lasting for a long time.

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mittelschmerz

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Pain which occurs during ovulation (which is generally the middle of a menstrual cycle).

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oligomenorrhea

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Infrequent menstrual flow, usually occurring in cycles of 35 days to six months.

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pica

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A bizarre craving form strange foods, or even nonedible materials such as dirt, gravel, paint, or plaster. Thsi sometimes occurs in pregnant women.

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pruritus vulvae

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Severe itching of the external genitalia.

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abortion

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The premature expulsion from the uterus of the products of conception-generally a nonviable fetus. There are different types of abortions. The most common which you will transcribe are spontaneous and therapeutic abortions.

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spontaneous abortion

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A spontaneous abortion is a naturally occurring one, often referred to in layman's terms as a miscarriage.

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miscarriage

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The layman's term for a spontaneous abortion, which is naturally occurring.

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therapeutic

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A therapeutic abortion is one which is deliberately induced by a physician.

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abruptio placentae

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A premature detachment of the placenta. This is usually fatal to the unborn fetus.

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anovulation

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The absence of ovulation. This can be used to describe a woman either before she begins her menstrual cycle or following menopause. Ther are also a variety of reasons for this to occur otherwise-such as with extreme obesity or very low body weight, stress or drugs.

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Asherman syndrome

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Persistent amenorrhea and secondary sterility due to intruterine adhesions.

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candidiasis

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Generically this is any infection caused by a fungus of the genus Candida. It is usually a superficial infection of moist areas of the body-and is commonly seen in the vagina.

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cervicitis

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Inflammation of the cervix.

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cesarean section

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Incision through the abdominal and uterine walls for delivery of a baby.

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Chlamydia

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A genus of bacteria which multiply only within a host cell. This is a common sexually transmitted disease and secondarily causes infertility, especially in female patients.

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dystocia

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Abnormal or difficult labor. This may be caused by obstruction or constriction of the birth passage, or by some abnormality in the size, shape, condition, or position of the fetus.

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endometriosis

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A generally benign disease in which functioning endometrial tissue is present in areas outside of the uterine cavity. Severe endometriosis can interfere with conception.

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endometritis

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Inflammation of the endometrium.

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fibroadenoma

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Literally, an adenoma (benign tumor) comprised of fibrous tissue. Typically, this describes a benign tumor of the breast.

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fibrocystic disease

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This is the formation of benign but painful cysts in the breasts.

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fibromyoma

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Also called a leiomyoma, these are benign tumors which contain both muscular and fibrous components and generally occur in the myometrium layer of the uterus.

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gonorrhea

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This is a sexually transmitted disease cuased by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Symptoms of inflammation, pain, and purulent discharge are more sever in males than females, but it can cause female sterility.

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herpes

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This refers to any inflammartory skin disease caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by the formation of small clusters of vesicles. Genital herpes (clusters of vesicles which occur on the genitals of both sexes) are transmitted sexually and affect the reproductive system.

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hydatidiform mole

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An abnormal pregnancy in which the chorionic villi form a mass of cysts similar in appearance to a cluster of grapes.

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infertility

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A diminished or absent capacity to produce offspring. This does not refer to the complete inability to produce children, which is called sterility.

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sterility

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The complete inability to produce children.

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leiomyoma

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A benign tumor derived from the smooth muscle (usually of the uterus). This is also called a fibroid. Plural: leiomyomata

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mastitis

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Inflammation of a mammary gland or the breast.

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melasma

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Also called the mask of pregnancy. thsi is a blotchy, brownish color which occurs over the forehead and malar eminence. This brownish pigment is also common around the mammary areola and in a dark line down the abdomen.

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nabothian cyst

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A small, yellowish mass consisting of dilated endocervical gland and appearing at the external cervical os.

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oophoritis

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Inflammation of an ovary.

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Paget disease

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An intraductal carcinoma (cancer) of the breast. Also refers to a neoplasm of the vulva closely associated with Paget disease of the breast but less likely to become carcinomatous.

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placenta previa

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This is when the placenta implats over or near the internal os of the cervix. If it completely covers the os, it is total previa, and if it only partially covers it, it is a partial previa. It is characterized by sudden, painless vaginal bleeding late in the pregnancy.

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precocious puberty

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A complication of pregnancy which is characterized by hypertension, edema, and/or proteinuria.

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puerperal infection

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Puerperal means pertaining to the period from the end of the third stage of labor until involution of the uterus, which is usually about three to six weeks. A puerperal infection is any infection which affilcts the mother during this time period. Historically, before the discovery of how bacterial infectious processes work, most infant deaths and many maternal deaths associated with childbirth were caused by unclean conditions during labor and delivery. This was called puerperal fever or childbed fever.

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salpingitis

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Inflammation of a uterine or fallopian tube.

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syphilis

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A seexually transmitted disease which passes through three different stages and can be latent for years. It can affect any tissue or organ in the body. Primary symptoms include lesions or rashes and eventually can cause the compromise of major body systems.

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teratoma

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A neoplasm (any abnormal growth) of the ovary which originates from germ celsl, or any type of germ cell tumor.

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neoplasm

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Any abnormal growth.

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trichomonas

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A sexually transmitted idsease which is caused by a parasitic protozoa. Trichomonas viginalis is found in both the female and male genital tract.

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Turner syndrome

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A develpmental defect in which the ovaries are either absent or represented only byt streaks of ovarian tissue in the broad ligaments. Mestruation does not occur.

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vaginitis

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Inflammation of the vagina which is characterized by pain and purulent discharge.

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preeclampsia

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A complication of pregnancy which is characterized by hypertension, edema, and /or proteinuria.