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44 Cards in this Set

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a health food fanatic

a person who is very enthusiastic about something and may have extreme or dangerous opinions


He’s a baseball fanatic. a religious fanatic

fa • nat • ic / fəˈnæt̮ɪk / noun [ count ]

an Internet addict

a person who cannot stop wanting something that is bad for them a drug addict

ad • dict / ˈædɪkt / noun [ count ] ( HEALTH )



►ad • dict • ed adjective to be addicted to drugs


addiction

the condition of being unable to stop taking drugs or doing something that is bad for you


She has a drug addiction .

ad • dic • tion / əˈdɪkʃn /noun [count, noncount] ( HEALTH )

duplicate

- to make an exact copy of something


- to do something that has already been done


We do not want to duplicate the work of the other departments.


You might duplicate this chart on the board.

du • pli • cate / ˈdupləkeɪt / verb ( du • pli • cates , du • pli • cat • ing , du • pli • cat • ed )

Co-operation

help that you give by doing what someone asks you to do


Thank you for your cooperation.


She agreed to cooperate with the police in their investigation.


If everyone cooperates, we will be finished soon.

co • op • er • a • tion AWL / koʊˌɑpəˈreɪʃn / noun [ noncount ]


co • op • er • ate AWL / koʊˈɑpəreɪt / verb (co • op • er • ates, co• op • er • at • ing, co • op• er • at • ed) to work together with someone else in a helpful way




co • op • er • a • tive AWL / koʊˈɑprət̮ɪv / adjective helpful by doing what you are asked to do

A poor background

the type of family that a person comes from and the education and experience that they have


She comes from a poor background .



back • ground / ˈbækɡraʊnd / noun 1[ count ]



2 [ singular ] ( ART ) the things at the back in a picture This is a photo of my house with the mountains in the background .

Sponsors

a person or a company that gives money so that an event will take place The race organizers are trying to attract sponsors.


a person who agrees to pay money to a charity if someone else completes a particular activity


I need sponsors for a 25-mile bike ride to raise money for cancer research.





spon • sor


noun [ count ]




To Sponsor

To give money so that an event will take place


The local team was sponsored by a large company.


to agree to pay money to a charity if someone else completes a particular activity


/ verb ( spon • sors , spon • sor • ing , spon • sored )

Be diagnosed with

to find out and say what illness a person has She was diagnosed with diabetes.

di • ag • nose / ˌdaɪəɡˈnoʊs / verb ( di • ag • nos • es , di • ag • nos • ing , di • ag • nosed ) ( HEALTH ) مشخص ب

Turn someone off

turn someone off†


to dull someone’s interest in someone or something.


Exercise turns me off


sub-ject


.

turn someone on

†to excite or interest someone.


? Fast music with a good beat turns me on. That stuff doesn’t turn on anyone

To signal

This use of cell phones may signal more than normal communication with friends and family.


The police officer signaled to the children to cross the road

►sig • nal verb ( sig • nals, sig • nal • ing, sig • naled )

signal noun


1 a light, sound, or movement that tells you something without words A red light is a signal for cars to stop.


an electrical wave that carries a sound, a picture, or a message I can’t get a signal on my cell phone

/ ˈsɪɡnəl / [ count

have access to

As soon as I have plugged my laptop into the local network, I will have access to the Internet.

Access

a way to go into a place or to use something


We don’t have access to the yard from our apartment.


Do you have access to a computer at home?

ac • cess 1 AWL noun [ noncount ]

Access


verb ( COMPUTERS )

to find information on a computer


Click on the icon to access a file.

ac • cess 2 AWL


( ac • cess es , ac • cess • ing , ac • cessed )

accessible

possible to be reached or entered


The island is only accessible by boat

ac • ces • si • ble AWL / əkˈsɛsəbl / adjective 1

minority


singular ] the smaller part of a group Only a minority of the students speak English.

Majority

[ singular ] most things or people in a group


The majority of cell phone usage is for text messages


The majority of people agreed with the new law

ma • jor • i • ty AWL / noun


ANTONYM minority

Considerably




To a great extent or degree


My apartment is considerably smaller than yours.


American teenagers send and receive sixty-seven text messages per day, on average heavy users considerably more.

إلى حد كبير Examples:1. I'm afraid the film was well over budget2. Painting the room white made it seem considerably (or substantially) larger3. The house has fallen considerably in value4. The price went up substantiallySynonyms:Substantially, Well


reliance on

trust and dependence on someone or something. ?


John’s reliance on his family is holding him back. ?


Reliance on sleeping pills is dangerous.


Heavy reliance on a cell phone can become a problem and an obsession.

reliance on someone or something

in a state of

they were not actually in a state of depression that was severe enough to require medical help

severe

not kind or gentle


a severe punishment


very bad


She suffers from severe headaches.


We’re expecting a severe (= very cold ) winter.

se • vere / adjective ( se • ver • er , se • ver • est )


►se • vere • ly / adverb


They punished him severely. She was severely injured in the accident.


Conducted

to organize or do an activity


They are going to conduct an experiment.


The researcher who conducted the study said

verb ( con • ducts , con • duct • ing , con • duct • ed )

extensions

the act of making something bigger or longer


the extension of the president’s powers


They are extensions of themselves.


I need to ask my tutor for an extension on my English paper

ex • ten • sion /noun


[ count, noncount ] امتداد

tool for

They are tools for keeping in touch.

prior


adjective

coming or happening before or earlier No prior experience is necessary to do the job


Students should always use what they already know (prior knowledge)

pri • or AWL / ˈpraɪər /

yakkity, yakkity, yak

(talking continuously about things that are not very serious)

Fee

the money you pay for professional advice, or service from doctors, lawyers, schools, colleges, etc.


We can’t afford this lawyer’s fees.


some cell phone users may be charged a fee for every incoming message


the money that you pay to do something,


for example to join a club or visit a museum

fee AWL / fi / noun [ count ]


Cohesion

means the way sentences link together.


One way to make writing more cohesive is to use pronouns and possessive adjectives.


The state of cohering or sticking together

Synonyms:Coherence, Coherency, Cohesiveness


syntax

The grammatical arrangement of words in sentences Kind Of Structure


تركيب الجملة

Red Crescent Mobile Blood Donor Clinic

Trent made his first donation at the Red Crescent Mobile Blood Donor Clinic


crescent


the shape of the moon when it is less than half a circle

cres • cent / ˈkrɛsnt / noun [ count ]

colleague

a person who works with you

col • league AWL / ˈkɑliɡ / noun [ count ]

college

a place where you can go to study after you have finished high school


She’s going to college next year.

col • lege / ˈkɑlɪdʒ / noun 1


[ count, noncount ]

way of

Donating blood was my way of helping others

A real treat

Something very pleasant and enjoyable

fit in (somehow) (with something)to match up or harmo-nize with something in some fashion.



If I don’t wear cool clothes, I won’t fit in.


This fits in very poorly with what I had planned.


Your itinerary fits in well with my plans.

Fashionable clothes

Popular, or in a popular style at the time She was wearing a fashionable black hat.

→ANTONYM old-fashioned , unfashionable

award

a prize or money that you give to someone who has done something very well


She won the award for best actress.



to officially give a prize to someone


He was awarded first prize in the writing competition

a • ward 1 / əˈwɔrd / noun [ count ]


verb ( a • wards , a • ward • ing , a • ward • ed )


outstanding

very good; much better than others


He was awarded for his outstanding leadership in sports.

out • stand • ing / ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ / adjective

Crippling

That cripples or disables or incapacitatesA crippling injury


Ahmed was born with a crippling disease

Synonyms:Disabling, Incapacitating


get in touch with someone

to write to, or call someone


I’m trying to get in touch with my cousin


My family really encouraged me, so I got in touch with other kids like me.

Junior

connected with the third year of high school or college


I spent my junior year abroad in Paris.


( abbreviation Jr. ) a word that is used after the name of a son who has the same name as his father Martin Luther King, Jr.


3 having a lower position or less experience in an organization a junior senator


4 of or for children below a particular age the junior tennis championships



Ahmed and his team compete in the Special Olympics Junior League

jun • ior 1 / ˈdʒunyər / adjective