Stage Check 2

Front 1

What are the eligibility requirements for a private pilot certificate?

Back 1

17 years old, speak/write English, hold at least 3rd class medical, ground/flight endorsements, passed knowledge exam

Front 2

Define high performance airplane and how to become PIC of it?

Back 2

Engine is more than 200 horsepower. Must have received and logged ground and flight training. Must be logged/found proficient in the operation and systems of aircraft.

Front 3

What types of aircraft require specific training and logbook endorsements?

Back 3

High altitude airplanes: above 25k feet. Ground and flight training logged.

Tailwheel airplane: received and logged proficient flight training

Front 4

Define complex airplane

Back 4

An airplane that has a retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller. Logged proficient flight training.

Front 5

Difference between category, class, and type.

Back 5

Category: a broad classification of aircraft- airplane, rotorcraft, glider.

Class: a classification of aircraft within a category having similar operating characteristics- single engine land, multi engine land.

Type: a specific make and basic model of aircraft. B-737, C-150

Front 6

Requirements to remain current as a private pilot?

Back 6

Flight review every 24 months.

To carry passengers must have three take off and landings. At night must have three take off and landings with full stops.

Front 7

Medical certificate- how long is it valid?

Back 7

Third class: 60 months under 40

24 months over 40.

Front 8

Where can you find a list of medical conditions that disqualifies you from obtaining a medical certificate?

Back 8

Part 67 (standards)

Part 61 (requirements for getting a medical certificate)

Front 9

What are the requirements to fly under basic med?

Back 9

Hold a drivers license, hold or have held medical certificate, answer CMEC list, physical exam by any licensed doctor, basic med online course.

Front 10

Basic med privileges

Back 10

Fly no more than 5 passengers, no more than 6000 pounds, no flying an aircraft larger than a 6 passenger size, airspeed of 250 and below 18,000ft, no flying for hire.

Front 11

What documents are required on board an aircraft prior to flight?

Back 11

ARROW PC

airworthiness, registration, radio license, operating limitations, weight and balance, placards, compass card.

Front 12

What are the two types of AD’s?

Back 12

Emergency and less urgent

Front 13

Can you fly to get maintenance done after an expired AD?

Back 13

Apply to the FAA for a special flight permit.

Front 14

What is a type certificate data sheet?

Back 14

The FAA issues a type certificate when a new aircraft, engine, propeller, etc is found to meet safety standards

Front 15

What is a supplemental type certificate?

Back 15

The FAA’s approval of a major change in the type design of a previously approved type certicated product

Front 16

What is an aircraft registration certificate?

Back 16

Before an aircraft can be flown legally, it must be registered with the FAA aircraft registry.

Front 17

Does an aircraft registration have an expiration date?

Back 17

Yes, three years after issued.

Front 18

Does an airworthiness certificate have an expiration date?

Back 18

No.

Front 19

What are examples of placards and markings?

Back 19

Flight maneuvers, compass card

Airspeed indicator, fuel, oil

Front 20

What are the required tests and inspections to be performed on an aircraft?

Back 20

AVIATE

annual, AD, VOR (30 days), 100 hour, Altimeter (24 months), transponder (24 months), ELT (12 months)

Front 21

Who can do an annual inspection?

Back 21

A&P technician holding an inspection authorization

Front 22

Who is allowed to perform a 100 hour inspection?

Back 22

Any A&P mechanic

Front 23

Can you exceed a 100 hour inspection?

Back 23

Yes by 10 hours to go to inspection site.

Front 24

Can you go past an annual inspection date?

Back 24

Yes with a special flight permit.

Front 25

How can you get a special flight permit?

Back 25

Local FSDO, or designated airworthiness rep

Front 26

Who is responsible for determining aircraft is in an airworthy condition?

Back 26

The PIC.

Front 27

Where is the MEL? Minimum equipment list?

Back 27

91.213

Front 28

Instruments and equipment required for VFR day flight?

Back 28

ATOMATOFLAMES

anti-collision lights, tachometer, oil pressure, manifold pressure, altimeter, temperature, oil temperature, fuel, flotation gear, landing gear, airspeed, magnetic direction, ELT, safety belts.

Front 29

What instruments and equipment are required for VFR night flight?

Back 29

FLAPS

fuses, landing lights, anti collision lights, position lights, source of electrical energy.

Front 30

Who can perform maintenance on an aircraft?

Back 30

FAA certified A&P mechanic, A&P mechanic with inspector authority, an FAA certificates repair station, or the aircraft manufacturer.

Front 31

Low and high pressure system flow of air:

Back 31

Low: inward, upward, counterclockwise.

High: outward, downward, clockwise.

Front 32

Type of weather expected in a low pressure system?

Back 32

Rising air- cloudiness, precipitation, bad weather

Front 33

Type of weather in a high pressure system?

Back 33

Area of descending air which tends to favor dissipation of cloudiness and good weather.

Front 34

Different types of fronts:

Back 34

COWS

cold front, occluded front, warm front, stationary front.

Front 35

Describe a cold front

Back 35

Occurs when a mass of cold, dense, and stable air advances and replaces a body of warmer air.

Front 36

Describe an occluded front

Back 36

A front occlusion occurs when a fast moving cold front catches up with a slow moving warm front.

Front 37

Describe a Warm front

Back 37

The boundary area formed when a warm air mass contacts and flows over a colder air mass.

Front 38

Describe a Stationary front

Back 38

When the forces of two air masses are relatively equal. The weather is a mix of both warm and cold fronts.

Front 39

Type of clouds and weather associated with a cold front?

Back 39

Towering cumulus or cumulonimbus, rain/lightening, poor visibility, winds variable, dew point and pressure drop rapidly.

Front 40

Type of weather and clouds associated with a warm front

Back 40

Stratiform clouds, drizzle, low ceilings, poor visibility, variable winds, rise in temperature.

Front 41

What is a trough?

Back 41

An elongated area of relatively low rising atmospheric pressure. Expect cloudiness, rain, and bad weather.

Front 42

What is a ridge?

Back 42

An elongated area of high atmospheric pressure. Descending air. Expect dissipation of clouds and good weather.

Front 43

What is standard temperature and pressure values for sea level?

Back 43

15 degrees Celsius. 29.92 Hg

Front 44

Define isobar

Back 44

A line on a weather chart which connects areas of equal or constant barometric pressure.

Front 45

What happens when isobars are close together?

Back 45

A steep pressure gradient exists, higher wind speeds.

Front 46

What does it mean when isobars are far apart?

Back 46

A shallow pressure gradient, lower wind speeds.

Front 47

What is the coriolis force?

Back 47

The force that deflects winds to the right in the northern hemisphere and the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

Front 48

Why do winds generally flow across the isobars at an angle?

Back 48

Surface friction.

Front 49

At what rate does atmospheric pressure decrease with an increase in altitude?

Back 49

1 Hg per 1000ft.

Front 50

Define dew point

Back 50

The temperature a sample of air must be cooled to attain the state of saturation.

Front 51

Stable vs unstable atmosphere

Back 51

Stable: makes vertical movement difficult.

Unstable: vertical air movements become larger which causes turbulence, vertical clouds, and severe weather.

Front 52

Type of clouds in stable air

Back 52

Stratiform: smooth, steady, and poor visibility.

Front 53

Type of clouds in unstable atmosphere:

Back 53

Cumuliform: rough, showery, good visibility.

Front 54

How thick are clouds with significant precipitation?

Back 54

At least 4000 ft thick.

Front 55

During preflight, what type of meteorological information should you be aware of with respect to icing?

Back 55

Location of fronts, cloud layers, freezing layers, air temperature and pressure (low pressure and freezing)

Front 56

What conditions are necessary for structural icing to occur?

Back 56

Visible moisture, below freezing temps

Front 57

Two main categories of aircraft icing?

Back 57

Structural icing: ice that forms on aircraft surfaces

Induction icing: ice formed on engines induction system.

Front 58

What are the three types of structural icing?

Back 58

Clear ice (smooth), Rime ice(drops the freeze), mixed ice(rough)

Front 59

What happens if you run into icing?

Back 59

Get out of the visible moisture area by going below, above, or different of clouds.

Front 60

What makes a thunderstorm?

Back 60

Sufficient water vapor, unstable lapse rate, initial upward boost.

Front 61

What are the three stages of a thunderstorm?

Back 61

Cumulus: updrafts cause raindrops to get bigger

Mature: rain at earths surface

Dissipating: downdrafts and rain begin to dissipate

Front 62

What is temperature inversion?

Back 62

A temperature increase with height. (Usually temp decreases with height). Associated with fog, stable air, no turbulence.

Front 63

Name the types of fog

Back 63

Radiation, advection, upslope, frontal, steam.

Front 64

What causes radiation fog?

Back 64

The ground cools the adjacent air to the dew point on calm, clear nights.

Front 65

What is advection fog, where does it form?

Back 65

The transport of warm humid air over a cold surface. Forms along coastal areas.

Front 66

What is upslope fog?

Back 66

Forms from moist stable air being cooled moving up a sloping terrain. It is dense and extends to high altitudes.

Front 67

What is wind shear, where does it occur?

Back 67

Wind shear is the change of wind direction and speed. It happens at low level temperature inversion, thunderstorms, clear air turbulence (jet stream)

Front 68

What is the primary means of obtaining a weather briefing?

Back 68

Flight service station, call 1-800-WX-BRIEF.

Front 69

Types of weather briefings available from FSS?

Back 69

Standard, abbreviated, outlook, inflight

Front 70

What pertinent information should a weather briefing include?

Back 70

Adverse conditions, VFR flight not recommended, synopsis, current conditions, enroute forecast, destination forecast, winds aloft, notices to airmen(NOTAM), ATC delay

Front 71

What is a METAR and what are the two types?

Back 71

An hourly service observation of conditions observed at the airport. Routine METAR and an aviation selected special weather report.

Front 72

What is a PIREP

Back 72

A weather observation made by the pilot. There are urgent and there are routine. Can find on aviationweather.gov

Front 73

What are TAFs? Terminal aerodrome forecasts

Back 73

A concise statement of meteorological conditions significant to aviation for a specified time within 5 statute miles of the center of the airports terminal.

Front 74

What is an aviation area forecast? FA

Back 74

Weather issued for the Gulf of Mexico, the Carribbean Sea, and Alaska

Front 75

What are the four types of inflight aviation weather advisories?

Back 75

SIGMET, convective SIGMET, AIRMET, center weather advisory

Front 76

What is a convective SIGMET?

Back 76

Severe turbulence, severe icing, low-level wind shear

Front 77

What is a SIGMET?

Back 77

Weather that is potentially hazardous to all aircraft.

Front 78

What is an AIRMET?

Back 78

Issued every 6 hours, advisories of significant weather that is less than a SIGMET.

Front 79

What are the types of AIRMETs?

Back 79

Sierra: IFR conditions and extensive mountain obscurantism’s

Tango: moderate turbulence, 30 knots or greater.

Zulu: moderate icing and provides freezing heights

Front 80

What is a G-AIRMET?

Back 80

Like an AIRMET but issued at 03, 09, 3pm, 9pm.

Front 81

LIFR

Back 81

Low IFR- ceiling less than 500 feet/visibility less than 1 mile.

Front 82

IFR

Back 82

Ceiling 500-1000ft, visibility 1-3 miles

Front 83

MVFR

Back 83

Marginal VFR- ceiling 1000-3000ft, visibility 3-5 miles.

Front 84

VFR

Back 84

VFR- ceiling greater than 3000 ft, visibility greater than 5 miles

Front 85

Define ceiling

Back 85

The height above the earth’s surface of the lowest layer of clouds.

Front 86

What is a microburst?

Back 86

Extreme downward air

Front 87

What are the four forces of flight?

Back 87

Lift, gravity, thrust, drag

Front 88

What flight condition will result in the sun of the opposing forces to bring equal?

Back 88

In steady, straight and level, unnacelerated flight.

Front 89

What is an airfoil?

Back 89

A device which gets a useful reaction from air moving over its surface- lift. The wings, horizontal tail surfaces, vertical tail surfaces, and propellers are airfoils.

Front 90

What is relative wind?

Back 90

The direction of the airflow with respect to the wing.

Front 91

What is the angle of attack?

Back 91

Angle between the wing chord line and the direction of the relative wind

Front 92

What is Bernoulli’s principle?

Back 92

When air pressure is decreased above and increased below producing life.

Front 93

What is torque effect?

Back 93

Newton’s third law- for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. When the propeller is revolving in one direction an equal force is trying to rotate the airplane in the opposite direction.

Front 94

What are the four factors that contribute to torque effect?

Back 94

Torque reaction of the engine and propeller, gyroscopic effect of the propeller, corkscrewing effect of the propeller slipstream, p-factor.

Front 95

Why is load factor important to pilots?

Back 95

An increased load factor increases the stalling speed

Front 96

How to recover from a spin?

Back 96

PARE

power: reduce to idle, ailerons: position to neutral, rudder: apply full opposite against rotation, elevator: apply positive, forward of neutral, movement to break stall.

Front 97

What is ground effect?

Back 97

A condition of improved performance the airplane experiences when operating near the ground.

Front 98

What is load factor?

Back 98

Because of Newton’s third law and centrifugal force the airplane gets heavier. For example- when the airplane banks at 60 degrees and I weigh 100 pounds straight and level I will weigh 200 pounds at 60 degrees. Increased weight means increased pitch which means which means closer to the critical angle of attack which means higher stall speed.

Front 99

Define empty weight

Back 99

Weight of airframe, engine, permanently installed equipment, unusable fuel, un drained oil.

Front 100

Define useful load

Back 100

The weight of the pilot, copilot, passengers, baggage, usable fuel, drainable oil

Front 101

Forward center of gravity

Back 101

Higher stall speed, slower cruise speed, more stable, greater back elevator pressure required

Front 102

Aft CG

Back 102

Lower stall speed, higher cruise speed, less stable

Front 103

How does temperate, altitude, and humidity affect density altitude?

Back 103

Density altitude will increase with high air temp, high altitude, high humidity.

Front 104

Explain the difference between best glide speed and minimum sink speed?

Back 104

Best glide speed is the greatest forward distance for a given loss of altitude. (68)

Minimum sink speed is used when a pilot needs more time but is going to travel less distance. A pilot would need this if they need more time to fix the problem/ditching at sea.

Front 105

How many miles can you glide in your aircraft per 1000 feet of altitude lost?

Back 105

1.5 NM per 1000ft of altitude lost above ground level.

Front 106

What are the main control surfaces?

Back 106

Elevators, ailerons, rudder, trim

Front 107

What do elevators do?

Back 107

Control the movement of the airplane about its lateral axis. This motion is called pitch.

Front 108

What do ailerons do?

Back 108

Control the airplane about is longitudinal axis. This motion is called roll.

Front 109

What does a rudder do?

Back 109

Controls movement of the airplane about its vertical axis. This motion is called yaw.

Front 110

What type of engine does the aircraft have?

Back 110

Lycoming IO-360-L2A. 180 HP. Horizontally opposed, four cylinders, air cooled, fuel-injected engine with a wet sumo system.

Front 111

How does the engine system work?

Back 111

Each cylinder has a piston that moves