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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is HCI? |
The study of people interact with computers |
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What is a User Interface and what the 2 components ? |
The way in which a user interacts with a computer system.
1. Input - How user communicates their needs to the computer 2. Output - How the computer conveys the computations to the user |
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What is Usability? |
The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals |
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User Centred Design (UCD) Process |
A process where the needs of end users are given extensive attention at each stage
1. Identify Requirements 2.Alternative Design 3.Prototype 4.Evalutate |
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What is cognition? |
The mental action of requiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience and sense
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Core Aspects Of UCD |
Attention,perception, memory and recognition |
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What are the 5 Gestalts Principles? |
1. Proximity 2. Similarity 3. Continuity 4. Closure 5. Figure-ground relationship |
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What are the ways of gathering requirements?(6) |
1. Questionnaires 2. Workshops 3. Interviews 4. Natural observation 5. Compare with similar products 6. Studying documentation |
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What is a User Profile? |
It captures ethnographic data, outlines the characteristics and attributes of a group |
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What is a Persona? |
It is a fictional character constructed to represent the needs of a specific group |
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What is a Scenario? |
A sequence of actions that portray how the system is used
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What is Internationalisation? |
The design and development of a product which allows easy localisation for target audience regardless of culture differences |
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What is Localisation? |
The adaptation of a product to meet language, cultural requirements to a specific target market. |
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What are the 7 ISO Design principles? |
1. Suitability for Learning 2. Suitability for task 3. Suitability for individualisation 4. Error tolerance 5. Conformity with user expectations 6. Self-descriptiveness 7.Controllability
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What are Nielsens Usability Principles? |
1. Visibility of system status 2. Match between system and real world 3. User control and freedom 4. Consistency and standards 5.Error prevention 6. Recognition rather than recall 7. Flexibility and efficiency of user 8. Aesthetic and minimalistic design 9. Help users recognise, diagnose errors 10. Help and documentation |
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What is prototyping ? |
It is a small scale model. First preliminary phase of a product
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What is evolutionary prototyping?
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If the prototype becomes nearly complete and forms an implementation |
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What is throwaway prototyping?
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Developers use the prototype to guide their implementation, it gets discarded after |
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What is horizontal prototyping? |
It shows the number of features it will represent |
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What is vertical prototyping? |
It shows limited features but functionality of those features are fully developed |
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What is low fidelity and high fidelity? |
Low fidelity: - Paper sketches
High fidelity: -Computer based ( eg powerpoint,HTML) |
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What is a storyboard? |
It is a low fidelity prototype. Consists of series of sketches and has two types :
1. Static 2. Animatic |
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What are the languages of evalutation?(5) |
1. Analytic Evaluation 2. Controlled Experiment 3. Field Study 4. Formative evaluation 5. Heuristic evaluation |
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What are the software methodologies? |
1. Waterfall model 2. Evolutionary development 3. Formal systems development 4. Reuse based development |
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What is the waterfall model? |
1. Requirements definition 2. Software and system design 3. Implement and unit testing 4. Intergration and system testing 5. Operation and maintanence |
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What is the evolutionary development model? |
Must ensure that you start with requirements which are fully understood
Advantages - Deals with changes
Disadvantages - Systems poorly structured |
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What is formal systems development? |
Based on transformation of mathematical specification, they are expressed mathematically.
Advantages- when developing systems which require strict requirements
Disadvantages - time consuming, need to be specialised |
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What is reuse-based development? |
Based on systematic use. The stages are: 1.Component analysis 2. Requirements modification 3. System design with reuse 4.Development and integration |
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What are the software development principles? |
1. Rigor and formality 2. Separations of concerns 3. Modularity 4. Abstraction 5. Anticipation of change 6. Generality 7. Incremental development |
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What is rigor and formality? |
Rigor is precision and exactness Formality is rigor at the highest degree |
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What is separations of concerns? |
To dominate the complexity we must separate the issues, Ie . divide and conquer |
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What is modularity? |
A complex system can be broken down into smaller sub systems called modules. This supports separation of concerns |
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What is abstraction? |
Identify the important aspects of a phenomenon and ignore the details
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What is anticipation of change? |
Ability to support software evolutions requires anticipating future changes |
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What is generality? |
When solving problems it is identifying if they are general problems . Linked to abstraction |
