Socsci 1 - Cognitive Appraisal Theories

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These theories say that interpretation or appraisal of a situation, object, or event can contribute to, or result in, experiencing different emotional states.

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Cognitive Appraisal Theories

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“Thoughts are important in generating and identifying emotional feelings.”

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Schachter-Singer Theory

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First, Schachter and Singer injected some of their subjects with a hormone, epinephrine, that caused physiological arousal, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure.

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Physiological Arousal

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injected some of their subjects with a hormone, epinephrine, that caused physiological arousal, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure.

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Schachter and Singer

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a happy one or an angry one.

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situations

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Those subjects in the happy situation often reported feeling happy, and their observable reactions were smiles. However, those in the angry situation often reported

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Emotional Feeling

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This theory states that the emotion which we feel is an interpretation of the stirred-up bodily states.

The basic idea is that the bodily state of emotional arousal is much the cause of many different emotions. The state of bodily arousal is ambiguous, but we interpret or have cognitions of it.

The emotion is experienced according to the situation which caused the emotion.

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Cognitive Theory

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are mental associations and reactions to emotions, and are subjective being influenced by personal experience, beliefs, and memories.

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Feelings

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A is a mental portrayal of what is going on in your body when you have an emotion and is the by-product of your brain perceiving and assigning meaning to the emotion. Feelings are the next things that happen

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feeling

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professor of neuroscience at The University of California and author of several books on the subject explains it as:

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Antonio D’Amasio

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are mental experiences of body states, which arise as the brain interprets emotions, themselves physical states arising from the body’s responses to external stimuli.

(The order of such events is: I am threatened, experience fear, and feel horror.)

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Feelings

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An emotionally mature person is one who has learned to control his emotions. One of the marks of an educated person is his or her ability to show correct emotional responses to different situations.

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Control of Emotion

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The following are suggestions for emotional control:

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1.Emotional control calls for awareness of reality.

2.Emotional control may involve a choice of alternatives that may

3.Emotional control may also involve a general awareness of types of emotional problems one has to encounter and what emotional reactions he or she is expected to give in meeting problems.

4. Emotional control deals with the determination to overcome bad emotional habits.

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lays out some tips on managing emotions:

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Langley (2012)

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some tips on managing emotions:

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Smile to make yourself feel good.

Smile to make others feel good.

Get up and move.

Check in with your body.

Physically remove the tension.

Breathe

Talk to someone.

Disengage and re-engage emotions.

Label your emotions.

Label emotions for others.

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Face a mirror and smile. After some time, your mood will be better and you might even laugh naturally. Do it for at least 30 seconds.

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Smile to make yourself feel good.

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Smiling opens up your connection with others. It also leads to experiencing empathy.

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Smile to make others feel good.

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Exercise activates happy hormones that include endorphin, dopamine, and serotonin, among others. Movement is also important for the lymphatic system to get the toxins out of your body. Get up from your desk and jump and bounce regularly.

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Get up and move.

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Scan your body by feeling the tensions building up. Learn to relate these tensions with the emotion you feel to understand how your feelings affect your physiology.

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Check in with your body.

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. If you feel tense in your chest, stretch and breathe deeply.

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Physically remove the tension

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. Perform diaphragmatic or deep breathing by contracting your diaphragm. Let your lower lungs fill with oxygen to pass around your body and brain. You will feel a tingly sensation and your belly will expand. Do this exercise for at least 60 seconds. The body cannot sustain anger when you are breathing deeply.

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Breathe

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it is healthier to vent your anger and frustrations to a friend rather than to suppress them. Express your feelings so you can start to resolve the situation.

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Talk to someone

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. Learn to park your emotions to deal with at a later time, but do not avoid them. You must acknowledge your

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Disengage and re-engage emotions

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After acknowledging your emotions, . This activity reduces the intensity of your emotions. The part of the brain that feels the emotion is the same part that names it.

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label your emotions.

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. You can often defuse a tense situation by acknowledging the feelings of others. When you ask, “I sense that you are angry. Can you tell me how you feel?” the other person will be encouraged to consider and label his/her emotion as well. He/she may respond with “Yes, I feel angry,” or No, I am not angry; I am annoyed.”

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Label emotions for others

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Never say mean words out of anger. Your anger will pass. Your mean words can scar a person for life. So use kind words or be silent.

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