Social Studies Ch. 15

Front 1

popular sovereignty

Back 1

the idea that political power belongs to the people

Front 2

John Brown

Back 2

-anti-slavery
-Potawatomi Massacre
-wanted to seize the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry

Front 3

Wilmot Proviso

Back 3

a document stating that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of [the] territory

Front 4

sectionalism

Back 4

favoring the interests of one section or region over the interests of the entire country

Front 5

Free-Soil Party

Back 5

antislavery northerners who formed a new party that supported the Wilmot Proviso

Front 6

Compromise of 1850

Back 6

California was able to enter the Union as a free state. Also, the rest of the Mexican Cession was divided into two territories (Utah and New Mexico) where the question of whether to allow slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty

Front 7

secede

Back 7

to formally withdraw from from the Union

Front 8

Fugitive Slave Act

Back 8

made it a crime to help runaway slaves and allowed officials to arrest those slave in free areas

Front 9

Anthony Burns

Back 9

-fugitive slave from Virginia

-abolitionists used force when trying to free him from jail (killed a deputy marshall)

Front 10

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Back 10

antislavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe

several people became abolitionists because of novel (2 million copies sold)

Front 11

Franklin Pierce

Back 11

-promised to honor the Compromise of 1850 and the Fugitive Slave Act

-won election of 1852 by a large margin

Front 12

Stephen Douglas and the Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 12

-wanted a railroad from Chicago to the Pacific Ocean

-a few key southerners agreed to help him in his plan: they wanted the new territory west of Missouri was opened to slavery

-introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Act

Front 13

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 13

a plan that would divide the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase into two territories (Kansas and Nebraska) and allow the people in each territory to decide on the question of slavery

Front 14

Attack on Lawrence/Sack of Lawrence

Back 14

pro-slavery grand jury in Kansas charged anti-slavery leaders w/ treason; 800 men rode to city of Lawrence to arrest anti-slavery leaders, but they had fled; took their anger out on city: set fires, looted buildings, destroyed anti-slavery presses & prints (only one man killed)

Front 15

Potawatomi Massacre

Back 15

John Brown & his men killed five pro-slavery men in Kansas near Potawatomi Creek w/ swords; reaction to the Sack of Lawrence

Kansas collapsed into a civil war: about 200 people were killed

Front 16

Charles Sumner

Back 16

Senator; criticized pro-slavery people & personally insulted Andrew Pickens Butler

Front 17

Preston Brooks

Back 17

nephew of Butler; beat Sumner unconscious w/ cane; southerners sent him more canes; had to pay $300 fine

Front 18

Republican Party

Back 18

political party united against the spread of slavery in the West

Front 19

James Buchanan

Back 19

won the election of 1856 against Millard Fillmore

Front 20

Dred Scott

Back 20

slave that sued for his freedom because he had lived in a free state

Front 21

Dred Scott Decision

Back 21

-no slave is a citizen; therefore, cannot file suit

-stated Congress could not outlaw slavery in the territories

Front 22

Chief Justice Roger B. Taney

Back 22

-from a slave-holding family in Maryland (opinion was biased)

-wrote the majority opinion in Dred Scott decision

-declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

Front 23

Lincoln-Douglas Debate

Back 23

Lincoln challenged Douglas for U.S. Senate

Front 24

L-D Debate: Two Sides

Back 24

Lincoln stressed central issue: spread of slavery in the West; Democrats trying to spread slavery across nation

Douglas criticized Lincoln for saying the nation couldn't remain "half slave and half free."

Front 25

Freeport Doctrine

Back 25

the notion that the police would enforce the voters' decision in the Dred Scott case

Front 26

John Brown's Raid

Back 26

began when he and his men took over the arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in hopes of starting a slave rebellion

Front 27

Election of 1860

Back 27

Northern Democrats: Stephen Douglas

Southern Democrats: John C. Breckinridge

Constitutional Union Party: John Bell

Republicans: Abraham Lincoln

Winner: Lincoln

Front 28

Constitutional Union Party

Back 28

recognized "no political principles other than the Constitution of the country, the Union of the states, and the enforcement of the laws."

Front 29

The South Secedes

Back 29

southerners believed their economy and way of life would be destroyed without slave labor; seceded from the Union

Front 30

Confederate States of America

Back 30

aka: The Confederacy; Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas seceded to become the Confederacy