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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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contractile unit of muscle |
Sarcomere |
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the H Zone |
space allowed for contraction |
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the A band |
length of myosin filament |
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the Z line |
Where actin attaches to cell membrane of sarcomere |
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Step 1 of sliding filament theory |
Acetylcholine diffuses and travels through the axon of a motor neuron |
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Step 2 of sliding filament theory |
Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic gap to trigger an action |
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step 3 of sliding filament theory |
Acetylcholine triggers the release of the calcium ion |
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step four of sliding filament theory |
Calcium ions attach to troponin which changes the shape of the tropomyosin |
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step 5 of sliding filament theory |
The myosin head can now attach to the binding site on actin filament (muscle contraction) |
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step 6 of sliding filament theory |
Calcium flushes out allowing troponin to break. The myosin head relaxes and so does the muscle |
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What happens if there's not enough calcium in a muscle group |
No contraction of muscle it will always be relaxed |
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What if there's not enough ATP available at the cellular level |
Always contracted because there will be no ATP to move the calcium out |
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What happens if the troponin tropomyosin does not trigger and slide back into place |
constant contraction |
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What happens if there's not a release of acetylcholine |
always relaxed |
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Role of ATP and ADP |
- myosin heads create a cross bridge when they have ADP - myosin heads let go or relax when they have ATP - ATP is required to move calcium - ADP has two phosphates while ATP has three phosphates and these constantly bind and unbind |
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Acetylcholine in muscle contraction and relaxation |
-create action potential in muscle contraction - acetylcholinesterase eats up exess acetylcholine so you can have a muscle relaxation |
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Calcium in muscle contraction and relaxation |
-Binds and distracts troponin so it changes shape in muscle contraction - flushes out to relax muscles, for troponin to go back into place |
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Troponin and tropomyosin in muscle contraction and relaxation |
-Move the side for myosin head to attach to actin fiber in muscle contraction - guards actin fiber from myosin head in muscle relaxation |
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ATP in muscle contraction and relaxation |
No relation in muscle contraction but in muscle relaxation it flushes out calcium |
