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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleic Tide |
In a nucleic acid chain, a sub-unit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. |
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Fatty Acid |
An organic acid that is contained in lipids, such as fats or oils. |
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Functional Group |
The portion of a molecule that is in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds. |
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Polypeptide |
A long chain of several amino acids. |
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Monomer |
A single molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer. |
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Amino Acid |
An organic molecule that contains a carboxyl and an amino group and that makes up proteins; a protein monomer. |
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Lipid |
A large, nonpolar, organic molecule including fats and steroids; stores energy and makes up cell membranes. |
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Condensation Reaction |
Monomers link to form polymers and release water. |
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Inorganic Compound |
Does not contain carbon atoms. |
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Phospholipid |
A lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes. |
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RNA (Ribonuecleic acid) |
A natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis. |
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Nucleic Acid |
An organic compound, either DNA or RNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleic tides and carry genetic information. |
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Polymer |
A large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers, or small units. |
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Polysaccharide |
One of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars; including starch, cellulose, and glycogen. |
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Active Site |
The site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate. |
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Carbohydrate |
Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things. 1:2:1 ratio. |
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Peptide Bond |
The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid. |
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Monosaccharide |
A simple sugar that is the basic sub-unit, or monomer, of a carbohydrate. |
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Organic Compound |
A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbon dioxide. |
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Hydrolysis |
Water is used to break down polymers into simpler substances. |
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ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) |
A compound that stores a large amount of energy; made of 3 phosphate atoms that provide energy for cell processes. |
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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) |
The material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics. |
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Protein |
An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells; provides structure. |
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Steroid |
A type of lipid that consists of four carbon rings to which various functional groups are attached and that usually has a physiological action. |
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Macromolecule |
A very large organic molecule, usually a polymer, composed of hundreds or thousands of atoms. |
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Enzyme |
A type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed. |
