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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is personality? |
Patternsbetween thoughts, feelings and behaviors that are relatively stable over time and across circumstances. |
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What is a trait? |
Stable and enduring behavior pattern |
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Do traits change? |
No, but they express themselves differently in each person |
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Are traits good or bad? |
No? |
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What are the 5 big traits? |
1. Conscientiousness 2. Agreeableness 3. Neuroticism 4. Openness 5. Extraversion |
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What is consciousness trait? |
Organized vs. disorganized ; careful vs. careless; self-discipline vs. weak-willed |
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What is agreeableness trait? |
Softhearted vs. ruthless; trusting vs. suspicious; helpful vs. uncooperative |
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What is neuroticism trait? |
Worried vs. calm: insecure vs secure; self putting vs self satisfied. |
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What is openness trait? |
Imaginative vs. down to earth; likes variety vs likes routine; independent vs. conforming |
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What is extroversion trait |
Draws energy from ppl or not |
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What is psychoanalytical/ psychodynamic theory? |
The theory that unconscious forces determine behavior |
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Who developed psychoanalytical theory? |
Freud |
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What are the 3 levels of awareness? |
1. Conscious 2. Preconscious 3. Unconscious |
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What is the ID? |
The component of personality that is completely unconscious and operated according to pleasure. |
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What is the superego? |
The break for the id - the part of personality that governs sense of morality. "Guilt" |
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What is the ego? |
The arbiter between the Id and thesuperego. |
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What are the psychosexual stages of psychoanalysis? |
1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Phalic 4. Oedipus/electra |
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What are common defense mechanism according to psychoanalysis? |
Repression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization, regression |
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What is the behaviorist interpretation of personality? |
Personality is a reflection of behavior which is shaped by environment and prior experiences. |
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How does behavior develop personality? |
Positive and negative reinforcement + punishment. Ie operant conditioning |
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What is the social cognitive theory of personality? |
Takes behavioral theory and recognizes cognition - thoughts that help you say "I'm capable or not" |
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What is self efficacy? |
Looking at yourself and deciding if you are capable or if you can do well |
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Who is the champion of social cognitive perspective? |
Bandura |
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How do recriprocal influences (determinism) impact personality? |
1. Different people choose different environments 2. Our personalities shape how we interpret and react to events 3. Our lersonities shape and create situations to which we react |
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What is reactivity? |
Changing behavior when others are around |
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What is hostile attribution bias? |
Interpret every experience in a hostile manner |
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What is the humanistic theory of personality? |
Humans are essentially good. Emphasizes self actualization where ppl seek to fulfill their full potential through greater self understanding |
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Who was a prominent humanistic personality theorist? |
Rogers |
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What is the person centered approach? |
Personality is influenced by how we understand ourselves and how others evaluate us. |
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What is self concept? |
Real self vs. ideal self and the incongruent aspects in between |
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How can we achieve self actualization? |
1. Genuineness 2. Acceptance and unconditioned positive regard 3. Empathy |
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What is the biological theory of personality? |
Every personality trait has a genetic basis |
