Security +

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that is written in a script known as a marco

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macro virus

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a virus that infects an executable program file is simply

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program virus

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is malicious computer code that, like its biological counterpart, reproduces itself on the same computer.

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computer virus (virus)

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is an agent that reproduces inside a cell

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biological virus

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can actually rewrite its own code and thus appears different each time it is executed.

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Metamorphic malware

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malware code that completely changes from its original form whenever it is executed is known as

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Polymorphic malware

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changes its internal code to one of a set number of predefined mutations whenever it is executed

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Oligomorphic malware

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is software that enters a computer system without the user's knowledge or consent and then performs an unwanted and usually harmful actions

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Malware

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series of instructions that can be grouped together as a single command.

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Macro

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malicious program that uses a computer network to replicate (worms are sometimes called network viruses)

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Worm

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an executable program that masquerades as performing a benign activity but also does something malicious

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Trojan Horse (Trojan)

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delivers advertising content in a manner that is unexpected and unwanted by the user

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Adware

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that silently captures and stores each keystoke that user types on the computer's keyboard

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Keylogger

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a general term used to describe software that secretly spies on users by collecting information without their consent

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Spyware

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prevents a user's device from properly operating until a fee is paid.

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Ransomware

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infected robot (bot) computer is known as a

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zombie

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infected zombie computers wait for instructions through a

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command and control (C&C or C) structure from the bot herders regarding which computers to attack and how.

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gives access to a computer, program, or service that circumvents any normal security protections.

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backdoor

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means to masquerade as a real or ficticious character and then play out the role of that person on a victim

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impersonation

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sending an email or displaying a web announcement that falsely claims to be from a legitimate enterprise in an attempt to trick the user into surrendering private information.

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phising

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one type of spear phishing

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whaling

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an attacker calls a victim who., upon answering, hears a recorded message that pretends to be from the user's bank stating that her credit card has experienced fraudelent activity or that her bank account has had unusual activity

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vishing (voice phising)

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one type of spear phising is

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whaling

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emails that are used to target specific recipients

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spear phising

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unsolicited email, that goes through the internet continues to escalate

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Spam

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directed toward a smaller group of specific individuals, such as the major executives working for a manufactuing company

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watering hole attack

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involves digging though trash receptacles to find information that can be useful in an attack

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Dumpster diving

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a false warning often contained in an email message claiming to come from the IT department

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Hoax

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fake sites exist because attackers purchase the domain names of sites that are spelled similary to actual sites.

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typo squatting/ URL hijacking

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when an attacker cannot enter a building as a tailgater without raising suspicion, an alternative is to watch an individual entering the security code on a keypad and is known as

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Shoulder surfing

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people who enter the building when access is allowed, once an authorized person opens the door, virtually any number of individuals can follow behind and also enter is known as

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Tailgating

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The preferred method of bot herders for command and control of zombies is

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Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)

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A watering hole attack is directed agaisnt

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users who access a common website

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which of these is a general term used for describing software that gathers information without the user's consent

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spyware

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what is it called when a user makes a typing error when entering a URL that takes him to an imposter website

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Typo squatting

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which of these could NOT be defined as a logic bomb?

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send spam email to all users in the company on Tuesday

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which statement is regarding a keylogger is NOT true?

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software keyloggers are easy to detect

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a user who installs a program that prints out coupons but in the background silently collects her passwords has installed a

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trojan

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what should you do to completely remove a rootkit from a computer

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reformat the hard drive and reinstall the operating system.

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which of the following is an attempt to influence a user by coercion?

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intimidation

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which malware locks up a user's computer and then displays a message that purports to come from a law enforcement agency

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ransomware

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which of these is NOT an action that a virus can take?

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transport itself through the network to another device.

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a ________ requires a user to transport it from one computer to another

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virus

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what is the term used for an attacker who controls multiple zombies in a botnet

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bot herder

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each of these is a reason why adware is scorned EXCEPT

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it displays the attacker's programming skills

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_______ is following an authorized person through a secure door

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Tailgating

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which of these items retrieved through dumpster diving would NOT provide useful information?

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books

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Michelle pretends to be the help desk manager and calls Steve to trick him into giving her his password. What social engineering attack has Michelle performed?

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impersonation

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What is unsolicited instant messaging called?

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spim

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________ sends phising messages only to wealthy individuals

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Whaling

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A watering hole attack is directed against ______

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users who access a common website